常见命令的使用方法（1）

1.常见命令

查看硬件信息

  查看cpu

lscpu命令可以查看cpu信息

cat /proc/cpuinfo也可看查看到

范例：

[root@centos8 ~]#id -u wang

1000

[root@centos8 ~]#ls -a

[root@centos8 ~]#ls --all

[root@centos8 ~]#free -h

[root@centos8 ~]#free --human

[root@centos8 ~]#ps a

[root@centos8 ~]# lscpu

Architecture: x86_64

CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit

Byte Order: Little Endian

CPU(s): 8

On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7

Thread(s) per core: 1 #每个core 有几个线程

Core(s) per socket: 4 #每个槽位有4个core

Socket(s): 2 #服务器面板上有2个cpu 槽位

NUMA node(s): 2 #nodes的数量

Vendor ID: GenuineIntel

CPU family: 6

Model: 44

Stepping: 2

CPU MHz: 2128.025

BogoMIPS: 4256.03

Virtualization: VT-x

L1d cache: 32K

L1i cache: 32K

L2 cache: 256K

L3 cache: 8192K

NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0,2,4,6 #对应的core

NUMA node1 CPU(s): 1,3,5,7

[root@centos8 ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo

  2.查看内存大小

[root@centos8 ~]#free

total used free shared buff/cache available

Mem: 816188 156888 412660 5792 246640 527024

Swap: 2097148 0 2097148

[root@centos8 ~]#cat /proc/meminfo

MemTotal: 816188 kB

MemFree: 412780 kB

MemAvailable: 527144 kB

Buffers: 5304 kB

Cached: 208252 kB

SwapCached: 0 kB

Active: 138976 kB

Inactive: 127508 kB

Active(anon): 53348 kB

Inactive(anon): 5368 kB

Active(file): 85628 kB

Inactive(file): 122140 kB

Unevictable: 0 kB

Mlocked: 0 kB

SwapTotal: 2097148 kB

SwapFree: 2097148 kB

Dirty: 0 kB

Writeback: 0 kB

AnonPages: 52964 kB

Mapped: 78456 kB

Shmem: 5792 kB

KReclaimable: 33084 kB

Slab: 69144 kB

SReclaimable: 33084 kB

SUnreclaim: 36060 kB

KernelStack: 4428 kB

PageTables: 5888 kB

NFS_Unstable: 0 kB

Bounce: 0 kB

WritebackTmp: 0 kB

CommitLimit: 2505240 kB

Committed_AS: 250040 kB

VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB

VmallocUsed: 0 kB

VmallocChunk: 0 kB

HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB

AnonHugePages: 6144 kB

ShmemHugePages: 0 kB

ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB

HugePages_Total: 0

HugePages_Free: 0

HugePages_Rsvd: 0

HugePages_Surp: 0

Hugepagesize: 2048 kB

Hugetlb: 0 kB

DirectMap4k: 108416 kB

DirectMap2M: 940032 kB

DirectMap1G: 0 kB

[root@centos8 ~]#

查看硬盘和分区情况

  3.查看系统版本信息

  查看内核版本

 

  [root@centos8 ~]#uname -r

  4.查看操作系统发行版本

[root@centos8 ~] #cat /etc/redhat-release

  4.

日期和时间：Linux 的两种时钟

系统时钟：由 Linux 内核通过 CPU 的工作频率进行的

硬件时钟：主板

 

date 显示和设置系统时间

范例：

clock ， hwclock: 显示硬件时钟

-s, --hctosys 以硬件时钟为准，校正系统时钟

-w, --systohc 以系统时钟为准，校正硬件时钟

  时区：/etc/localtime

显示日历：  cal -y