**
Qt TCP/UDP 一端用自定义结构体发送消息,一端用QByteArray接收消息
**
用自定义结构体发送消息
void TcpServer::timeOut()
{
QDateTime nowTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
static int dhIndex = 1;
for(int index =0;index < tcpClientSocketList.size();index++)
{
tcpClientSocket* perClient = tcpClientSocketList.at(index);
if((dhIndex%2) == 1)
{
char data[] = "dh haha";
char* sendData = new char[sizeof (DHPacketHeadEx)+strlen(data)];
DHPacketHeadEx* packHead = (DHPacketHeadEx*)sendData;
packHead->packetType = enPacketType::PACKET_BIG_CONTENT;
packHead->len = strlen(data);
//strcpy(packHead->pValue,data);
memcpy(packHead->pValue,data,strlen(data));
perClient->write(sendData,sizeof (DHPacketHeadEx)+strlen(data));//发送自定义结构体 PACKET_BIG_CONTENT包
delete [] sendData;
}
else
{
char* sendData = new char[sizeof (DHPacketHeadEx)];
DHPacketHeadEx* packHead = (DHPacketHeadEx*)sendData;
packHead->packetType = enPacketType::PACKET_HEART_BEAT;
packHead->len = 0;
perClient->write(sendData,sizeof (DHPacketHeadEx));//发送自定义结构体 PACKET_HEART_BEAT包
delete [] sendData;
}
}
dhIndex++;
qint64 result = lastTime.msecsTo(nowTime);
if(result > 10000)
{
QString info = QString("\r\nmore than 5 Min not receive heart beat packet!");
int len = info.length();
emit updateServer(info,len);
lastTime = nowTime;
}
}
在接收端用QByteArray接收消息
void Client::slotReceiveData()
{
while(tcpSocket->bytesAvailable() > 0)
{
QByteArray byteArray;
byteArray.append(tcpSocket->readAll());//用readAll读取QByteArray到byteArray里,然后进行解析
if(byteArray.length() >= sizeof (DHPacketHeadEx))
{
//DHPacketHeadEx* packetEx = (DHPacketHeadEx*)(byteArray.toStdString().c_str());//这第一种接收 获取std::string 再转c_str
DHPacketHeadEx* packetEx = (DHPacketHeadEx*)(byteArray.data());//这第二种支持获取data 得到char*
switch(packetEx->packetType)
{
case enPacketType::PACKET_HEART_BEAT:
{
QString info = "收到心跳包";
contentListWidget->addItem(info);
qDebug()<<"199 收到心跳包";
}
break;
case enPacketType::PACKET_CONTENT:
{
char* readContent = new char[packetEx->len];
memcpy(readContent,(char*)packetEx->pValue,packetEx->len);
QString info(readContent);
contentListWidget->addItem(info);
}
case enPacketType::PACKET_BIG_CONTENT:
{
char* readContent = new char[packetEx->len+1];
memcpy(readContent,(char*)packetEx->pValue,packetEx->len);
QString info(readContent);
contentListWidget->addItem(info);
}
break;
}
QDateTime nowTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
lastReceivePacketTime = nowTime;
continue;
}
``
附一个实战例子
后面附上:
QByteArray字节数组于QTcpSocket传输之常用操作函数,标识长度与根据长度读取
向要传输的QByteArray对象的起始位置加入特定长度的字节用于表示数据长度,在接收端的第一个readAll()中读取到这个长度,并根据这个长度读取剩余的包,现把用到的函数整理如下:
1.向字节数组的起始位置拼接另一个字节数组,返回新数组
QByteArray &QByteArray::prepend(const QByteArray &ba)
2.读取字节数组起始位置len个字节,返回读取的数组
QByteArray QByteArray::left(int len) const
3.从pos位置开始的len长度的字节替换成after(如果要删除,则替换成’\0’即可)
QByteArray &QByteArray::replace(int pos, int len, const QByteArray &after)
4.返回字节数组的长度
int QByteArray::length() const
5.将字节数组转化成int
int QByteArray::toInt(bool *ok = Q_NULLPTR, int base = 10) const
QTcpSocket 发送数据的几种方法
1、QTcpSocket 继承于QAbstractSocket继承于QIODevice
2、QTcpSocket 提供的几种接收和发送数据方法
write ( const char *, qint64 ) : qint64
write ( const char * ) : qint64
write ( const QByteArray & ) : qint64
writeData ( const char *, qint64 ) : qint64
read ( char * data, qint64 maxSize ): qint64
read ( qint64 maxSize ):QByteArray
readAll ():QByteArray
readLine ( char * data, qint64 maxSize ):qint64
readLine ( qint64 maxSize = 0 ):QByteArray
3、例子1 write ( const QByteArray & ) : qint64
Cpp代码 收藏代码
//用于暂存要发送的数据
QByteArray block;
//使用数据流写入数据
QDataStream out(&block,QIODevice::ReadWrite);
//设置数据流的版本,客户端和服务器端使用的版本要相同
out.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_4_6);
//设置发送长度初始值为0
out << (quint16) 0;
//设置发送内容
out<<hash;
//回到字节流起始位置
out.device()->seek(0);
//重置字节流长度
out << (quint16) (block.size()-sizeof(quint16));
//往套接字缓存中写入数据,并发送
tcpSocket->write(block);
3、例子2 write ( const char *, qint64 ) : qint64
Cpp代码 收藏代码
QString *a=new QString;
tcpSocket->write(a,a->length());
4、例子3 数据流直接使用QIODevice
Cpp代码 收藏代码
QDataStream in(tcpSocket);
in<< quint16(0xFFFF); //此时QIODevice加载了此数据,而且直接发送出去
quint16 length = 0;
QDataStream out(tcpSocket);//如果此时tcpSocket直接有数据发送过来
out >> length;//length获得第一个整型值,并在tcpSocket中清空该数据
附:
QTcpSocket 提供的几种接收和发送数据方法:
write ( const char *, qint64 ) : qint64
write ( const char * ) : qint64
write ( const QByteArray & ) : qint64
writeData ( const char *, qint64 ) : qint64
read ( char * data, qint64 maxSize ): qint64
read ( qint64 maxSize ):QByteArray
readAll ():QByteArray
readLine ( char * data, qint64 maxSize ):qint64
readLine ( qint64 maxSize = 0 ):QByteArray
发送数据的示例代码:
1)write ( const QByteArray & ) : qint64
//用于暂存要发送的数据
QByteArray block;
//使用数据流写入数据
QDataStream out(&block,QIODevice::ReadWrite);
//设置数据流的版本,客户端和服务器端使用的版本要相同
out.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_DefaultCompiledVersion);
//设置发送长度初始值为0
out << (quint16) 0;
//设置发送内容
out<<"hello, mike";
//回到字节流起始位置
out.device()->seek(0);
//重置字节流长度
out << (quint16) (block.size()-sizeof(quint16));
//往套接字缓存中写入数据,并发送
tcpSocket->write(block);
2)write ( const char *, qint64 ) : qint64
QString str = “hello, mike”;
tcpSocket->write(a, a.length());
3)数据流直接使用 QIODevice
QDataStream in(tcpSocket);
in<< quint16(0xFFFF); //此时QIODevice加载了此数据,而且直接发送出去
quint16 length = 0;
QDataStream out(tcpSocket);//如果此时tcpSocket直接有数据发送过来
out >> length;//length获得第一个整型值,并在tcpSocket中清空该数据