tomcat some things about servlet

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/60394105.html
something need to improve:

how to use eclipse to create a servlet?

what's a servlet's basic code (a template)

 

 

 

 

 refered to the link:

   http://blog.csdn.net/wangzeyou0415/archive/2006/10/08/1326339.aspx

 

How do a servlet work?

please check the servlet's working procession via the attached file:  Servlet work Flow.jpg

 

 

若conf/servlet.xml中<Context>的屬性reloadable=”true”（默认值是false），

那WEBAPP的Classes,lib下面的類改變后,就会在一小段时间后自动重新被裝載

 

 

 

initial a servlet:

control the time servlet initial once the tomcat start

<servlet>

        <servlet-name>invoker</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>

          org.apache.catalina.servlets.InvokerServlet

        </servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>debug</param-name>

            <param-value>0</param-value>

        </init-param>

 <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

             // the more little, the earlier tomcat will load this servlet, once it less than or equals 0, it mean nothing, so the tomcat will judge itself when 

                should load it

//數字越小越早加載,依賴性越小.負數跟0無意義,加載順序由Web服務器判斷

</servlet>

 

control a servlet's initial parameters:

 

<servlet>

    <servlet-name></servlet-name>

    <servlet-class></servlet-class>

    <init-param>

        <param-name> ParameterName1 </param-name>

        <param-value>ParameterValue1</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <init-param>

        <param-name> ParameterName2 </param-name>

        <param-value>ParameterValue2</param-value>

    </init-param>

</servlet>

 

通过Servlet接口的init(ServletConfig)傳入的物件來取得參數， 一些相关类： 

ServletContext à每個WebApp都有一個上下文

ServletConfig  à被GenericServlet類實現

getServletContext()

getInitParameterNames()

 

 

 

Default servlet：      org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet  （define in %tomcat%/conf/web.xml）

凡是在web.xml文件中找不到匹配的Serlvet映射URL時,他們的請求都交由預設servlet來處理,即缺省Servlet用於處理所以有其他Servlet都不處理的訪問請求.就算訪問一個HTML文件

 

<servlet-mapping>

       <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>   //用這個來標示缺省的

</servlet-mapping>   
//所有的靜態資源(靜態HTML,File,Img)等等都由這個默認的Servlet來響應請求.

 

 

 

(若某个context被删除后不久又自动重新出现) if a context auto-create after it was deleted,    It just because:

there are some define content in the server.xml file, just search with the context's path to search it.

 

web服务器内幕：  

http://www.chinaunix.net/jh/26/171988.html

 

 

 

 

 

set enviroment varities for tomcat itself: (just define them in these two files) 

setclasspath.bat    setclasspath.sh

 

 

 

 

 

 

How do Tomcat start?

check the attached file:  Tomcat Start Procession.jpg

 

System類裝載器通過bin/setclasspath.bat來設置CLASSPATH,可以通過修改該批處理文件來添加新的CLASSPATH

Common類所裝載的類對於Tomcat跟WEbApp都是可見的.負責加載common/lib下的所有jar包

Catalina類所裝載的類只對於Tomcat可見.負責加載server/lib跟server/classes的Jar包

Shared負責加載shared/lib 跟 shared/classes下面的jar包

WebAppX類裝載器負責加載當前應用程序的/WEB-INF/classes中的類文件

,還有/WEB-INF/lib中的jar包.用到的第三方jar包都應該放到lib下面,或是把自己的類打包圍jar放到lib下

 

SUN公司的Servlet的類裝載器建議是子裝載器能裝就用子裝載器裝,不然在搜尋父曾,跟原來的JDK標準剛好相反..但是TOMCAT沒有遵守SUN的Servlet建議,還是跟JDK標準一樣~~~