java 1.11 - java运算符

运算符

运算符分类:

1.算术运算符:

1. +  加
2. -  减
3. *  乘
4. /  除
5. %  取余
6. ++  自增
7. --  自减

前缀自增自减法(++a,--a): 先进行自增或者自减运算，再进行表达式运算。

后缀自增自减法(a++,a--): 先进行表达式运算，再进行自增或者自减运算

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 20;
        int c = 25;
        int d = 25;
        System.out.println("a + b = " + (a + b) );
        System.out.println("a - b = " + (a - b) );
        System.out.println("a * b = " + (a * b) );
        System.out.println("b / a = " + (b / a) );
        System.out.println("b % a = " + (b % a) );
        System.out.println("c % a = " + (c % a) );
        System.out.println("a++   = " +  (a++) );
        System.out.println("a--   = " +  (a--) );
        // 查看  d++ 与 ++d 的不同
        System.out.println("d++   = " +  (d++) );
        System.out.println("++d   = " +  (++d) );
    }
}

a + b = 30
a - b = -10
a * b = 200
b / a = 2
b % a = 0
c % a = 5
a++   = 10
a--   = 11
d++   = 25
++d   = 27

public class Demo{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        int a = 3;//定义一个变量；
        int b = ++a;//自增运算
        int c = 3;
        int d = --c;//自减运算
        System.out.println("进行自增运算后的值等于"+b);
        System.out.println("进行自减运算后的值等于"+d);
    }
}

进行自增运算后的值等于4
进行自减运算后的值等于2

int b = ++a; 拆分运算过程为: a=a+1=4; b=a=4, 最后结果为b=4,a=4

int d = --c; 拆分运算过程为: c=c-1=2; d=c=2, 最后结果为d=2,c=2

public class Demo{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        int a = 5;//定义一个变量；
        int b = 5;
        int x = 2*++a;
        int y = 2*b++;
        System.out.println("自增运算符前缀运算后a="+a+",x="+x);
        System.out.println("自增运算符后缀运算后b="+b+",y="+y);
    }
}

自增运算符前缀运算后a=6，x=12
自增运算符后缀运算后b=6，y=10

2.赋值运算符:

1. =  赋值
2. +=  加并赋值
3. -=  减并赋值
4. *=  乘并赋值
5. /=  除并赋值
6. %=  取余并赋值
7. <<=  左位移并赋值
8. >>=  右位移并赋值
9. &=  按位与并赋值
10. ^=  按位异或并赋值
11. !=  按位或并赋值

public class Demo{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 20;
        int c = 0;
        c = a + b;
        System.out.println("c = a + b = " + c );
        c += a ;
        System.out.println("c += a  = " + c );
        c -= a ;
        System.out.println("c -= a = " + c );
        c *= a ;
        System.out.println("c *= a = " + c );
        a = 10;
        c = 15;
        c /= a ;
        System.out.println("c /= a = " + c );
        a = 10;
        c = 15;
        c %= a ;
        System.out.println("c %= a  = " + c );
        c <<= 2 ;
        System.out.println("c <<= 2 = " + c );
        c >>= 2 ;
        System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c );
        c >>= 2 ;
        System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c );
        c &= a ;
        System.out.println("c &= a  = " + c );
        c ^= a ;
        System.out.println("c ^= a   = " + c );
        c |= a ;
        System.out.println("c |= a   = " + c );
    }
}

c = a + b = 30
c += a  = 40
c -= a = 30
c *= a = 300
c /= a = 1
c %= a  = 5
c <<= 2 = 20
c >>= 2 = 5
c >>= 2 = 1
c &= a  = 0
c ^= a   = 10
c |= a   = 10

3.关系运算符(比较运算符):

1. >   大于
2. <  小于
3. >=  大于等于
4. <=  小于等于
5. ==  等于
6. !=  不等
7. instance of  (用来在运行时指出对象是否是特定类的一个实例 返回boolean)

( Object reference variable ) instanceof (class/interface type)

最终结果都是boolean (true 或 false)

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 20;
        System.out.println("a == b = " + (a == b));
        System.out.println("a != b = " + (a != b));
        System.out.println("a > b = " + (a > b));
        System.out.println("a < b = " + (a < b));
        System.out.println("b >= a = " + (b >= a));
        System.out.println("b <= a = " + (b <= a));
    }
}

a == b = false
a != b = true
a > b = false
a < b = true
b >= a = true
b <= a = false

String name = "James";
boolean result = name instanceof String; // 由于 name 是 String 类型，所以返回真

4.逻辑运算符:

1. &  与
2. |  或
3. !  非
4. &&  短路与
5. ||  短路或

public class Demo{
  public static void main(String[] args) {
     boolean a = true;
     boolean b = false;
     System.out.println("a && b = " + (a&&b));
     System.out.println("a || b = " + (a||b) );
     System.out.println("!(a && b) = " + !(a && b));
  }
}

a && b = false
a || b = true
!(a && b) = true

public class Demo{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        int a = 5;//定义一个变量；
        boolean b = (a<4)&&(a++<10);
        System.out.println("使用短路逻辑运算符的结果为"+b);
        System.out.println("a的结果为"+a);
    }
}

使用短路逻辑运算符的结果为false
a的结果为5

5.条件运算符(三目运算符):

条件表达式 ? 值1 : 值2;

条件表达式是值为boolean类型的表达式

执行流程:
    1.计算条件表达式
    2.如果值为true,最终结果取值1
    3.如果值为false,最终结果取值2

public class Demo{
   public static void main(String[] args){
      int a , b;
      a = 10;
      // 如果 a 等于 1 成立，则设置 b 为 20，否则为 30
      b = (a == 1) ? 20 : 30;
      System.out.println( "Value of b is : " +  b );
 
      // 如果 a 等于 10 成立，则设置 b 为 20，否则为 30
      b = (a == 10) ? 20 : 30;
      System.out.println( "Value of b is : " + b );
   }
}

Value of b is : 30
Value of b is : 20

6.位运算符:

1. &  与 (如果相对应位都是1，则结果为1，否则为0)
2. |  或 (如果相对应位都是 0，则结果为 0，否则为 1)
3. ^  异或 (如果相对应位值相同，则结果为0，否则为1)
4. ~  取反 (按位取反运算符翻转操作数的每一位，即0变成1，1变成0。)
5. <<  按位左移 (按位左移运算符。左操作数按位左移右操作数指定的位数。)
6. >>  按位右移 ( 按位右移运算符。左操作数按位右移右操作数指定的位数。)
7. >>>  按位右移并补0 (按位右移补零操作符。左操作数的值按右操作数指定的位数右移，移动得到的空位以零填充。)
   
   

A为60 B为13

A = 0011 1100
B = 0000 1101
-----------------
A&B = 0000 1100
A | B = 0011 1101
A ^ B = 0011 0001
~A= 1100 0011

public class Demo{
  public static void main(String[] args) {
     int a = 60; /* 60 = 0011 1100 */ 
     int b = 13; /* 13 = 0000 1101 */
     int c = 0;
     c = a & b;       /* 12 = 0000 1100 */
     System.out.println("a & b = " + c );
 
     c = a | b;       /* 61 = 0011 1101 */
     System.out.println("a | b = " + c );
 
     c = a ^ b;       /* 49 = 0011 0001 */
     System.out.println("a ^ b = " + c );
 
     c = ~a;          /*-61 = 1100 0011 */
     System.out.println("~a = " + c );
 
     c = a << 2;     /* 240 = 1111 0000 */
     System.out.println("a << 2 = " + c );
 
     c = a >> 2;     /* 15 = 1111 */
     System.out.println("a >> 2  = " + c );
  
     c = a >>> 2;     /* 15 = 0000 1111 */
     System.out.println("a >>> 2 = " + c );
  }
} 

a & b = 12
a | b = 61
a ^ b = 49
~a = -61
a << 2 = 240
a >> 2  = 15
a >>> 2 = 15

运算符优先级