我们通过一个例子来解析“基于Feign的接口调用”
1、示例概述
图中有三个服务app-a、app-b、app-a-api
- app-a-api 是 app-a 服务的接口规范,里面定义了一系列的接口
- app-a 提供一系列的服务,其中包括用户管理服务(User)
- app-b 也提供了一系列的服务,但其中某些服务需要依赖app-a提供的服务
app-a 和app-b 都依赖app-a-api,同时app-b依赖于feign,我们下面看看代码进一步来体会他们之间的依赖关系
2、示例代码
在给出代码前,我们看看基于Feign的服务的部署图(见下图)
1、app-a-api
public class User {
private Long id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
//get set ...
}
@RequestMapping("/user")
public interface UserControllerInterface {
@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.POST)
String createUser(@RequestBody User user);
}
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yh.stu</groupId>
<artifactId>app-a-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2、app-a
@RestController
public class UserController implements UserControllerInterface {
@Override
@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String createUser(@RequestBody User user){
System.out.println("createUser, " + user);
return "{'msg': 'success'}";
}
}
pom.xml
依赖app-a-api
<dependency>
<groupId>com.yh.stu</groupId>
<artifactId>app-a-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
2、app-b
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/appb/user")
public class BUserController {
@Autowired
UserControllerClient userControllerClient;
@RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
return userControllerClient.createUser(user);
}
}
// 使用了FeignClient注解,app-a是在服务服务a在eureka里注册的服务名
@FeignClient("app-a")
public interface UserControllerClient extends UserControllerInterface{
}
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class AppBMain {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AppBMain.class, args);
}
}
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.yh.stu</groupId>
<artifactId>app-a-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
调用的流程如下图:
看完图可能有几个疑问
1、第1步中,spring是如何根据@FeignClient注解生成 UserControllerInterface的代理类的
2、生成的UserControllerInterface的代理类具备哪些功能?即生成的代理类怎么就可以结合整合了Ribbon进行了负载均衡的调用了呢?
带着这些问题,我们继续往下看。