stm32专题二十二:液晶显示中英文程序

参考博客

https://blog.csdn.net/dingyc_ee/article/details/100746406

https://blog.csdn.net/dingyc_ee/article/details/102651664

之前写了关机计算机字符编码、液晶显示字符串原理的知识,以及如何利用PCtoLCD生成中英文字库数据,接下来分析如何利用代码来驱动液晶屏显示中英文。

英文显示

由于英文字符比较少,可以直接通过 const 关键字,字库本质上就是一个uint8_t类型的大数组,将字库数据存储到stm32的内部Flash中。我们提前制作了好几种不同大小的英文字库(8*16,16*24,24*32),下面为16*8字库数组:

/*
 * 常用ASCII表,偏移量32,大小:16(高度)* 8 (宽度)
 */
//@conslons字体,阴码点阵格式,逐行顺向取摸
const uint8_t ASCII8x16_Table [ ] = {       
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x34,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x16,0x24,0x7f,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x7e,0x24,0x24,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x3e,0x68,0x48,0x68,0x1c,0x16,0x12,0x12,0x7c,0x10,0x10,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x61,0xd2,0x96,0x74,0x08,0x10,0x16,0x29,0x49,0xc6,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x64,0x64,0x38,0x72,0x4a,0xce,0x46,0x7f,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x08,0x18,0x10,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x10,0x10,0x18,0x0c,0x04,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x0c,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x0c,0x08,0x18,0x10,0x20,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x0a,0x34,0x1c,0x6a,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x7f,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x08,0x30,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x06,0x04,0x0c,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x66,0x42,0x47,0x5b,0x73,0x42,0x66,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x78,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x46,0x06,0x06,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7c,0x06,0x06,0x04,0x3c,0x02,0x02,0x06,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0c,0x1c,0x14,0x24,0x64,0x44,0xff,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x7e,0x02,0x02,0x06,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1e,0x30,0x60,0x48,0x76,0x42,0x42,0x62,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x02,0x06,0x04,0x0c,0x08,0x18,0x10,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x62,0x42,0x36,0x1c,0x66,0x42,0x42,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x66,0x42,0x42,0x66,0x1a,0x02,0x04,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x08,0x30,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x18,0x30,0x60,0x10,0x0c,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x00,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x18,0x04,0x06,0x0c,0x10,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x1c,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x18,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1c,0x22,0x41,0x41,0xdd,0xb5,0xa5,0xa5,0xaf,0x94,0xc0,0x40,0x3c,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x1c,0x34,0x24,0x26,0x62,0x7e,0x43,0xc1,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7c,0x46,0x42,0x46,0x7c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1e,0x20,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x60,0x3e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7c,0x46,0x42,0x43,0x43,0x43,0x42,0x46,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x7e,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x7e,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1e,0x60,0x40,0x40,0xce,0x42,0x42,0x62,0x3e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7e,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7c,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x44,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x42,0x44,0x48,0x50,0x70,0x58,0x4c,0x44,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x3e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x62,0x66,0x67,0x5f,0x5b,0x5b,0xc1,0xc1,0xc1,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x62,0x62,0x72,0x52,0x5a,0x4a,0x4e,0x46,0x46,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x62,0x43,0xc3,0xc3,0xc3,0x43,0x62,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7c,0x46,0x42,0x42,0x46,0x78,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x62,0x43,0xc3,0xc3,0xc3,0x43,0x62,0x3c,0x18,0x0f,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7c,0x66,0x62,0x66,0x7c,0x6c,0x64,0x66,0x62,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3e,0x60,0x40,0x60,0x1c,0x06,0x02,0x02,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7f,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x62,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc1,0x43,0x42,0x62,0x26,0x24,0x34,0x1c,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc1,0xc1,0x41,0x49,0x5b,0x5b,0x76,0x66,0x66,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x43,0x66,0x34,0x18,0x18,0x1c,0x24,0x66,0xc3,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc1,0x42,0x66,0x34,0x1c,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x02,0x04,0x0c,0x18,0x10,0x20,0x60,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1c,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1c,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x0c,0x04,0x06,0x02,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x3c,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x1c,0x24,0x62,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xff,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x06,0x02,0x3e,0x42,0x46,0x7a,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x5c,0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1e,0x20,0x60,0x40,0x60,0x20,0x3e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x3e,0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x66,0x3a,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x62,0x42,0x7e,0x40,0x60,0x3e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0f,0x18,0x10,0x10,0x7e,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3f,0x66,0x42,0x66,0x58,0x40,0x3e,0x43,0x42,0x3c,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x5c,0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x78,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x0c,0x00,0x7c,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x0c,0x78,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x62,0x6c,0x78,0x70,0x68,0x64,0x62,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x78,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x76,0x4b,0x4b,0x4b,0x4b,0x4b,0x4b,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x5c,0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x62,0x42,0x43,0x42,0x62,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x5c,0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7c,0x40,0x40,0x40,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3e,0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x66,0x3a,0x02,0x02,0x02,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x6e,0x72,0x63,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3e,0x20,0x20,0x3c,0x06,0x02,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0xfe,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x66,0x3a,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x43,0x42,0x66,0x24,0x34,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc1,0xc1,0x5b,0x5a,0x5e,0x66,0x66,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x62,0x26,0x1c,0x18,0x1c,0x26,0x62,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x43,0x42,0x66,0x24,0x34,0x1c,0x18,0x18,0x30,0xe0,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x06,0x0c,0x18,0x10,0x20,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0e,0x18,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x30,0x70,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x18,0x0e,
0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x18,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0c,0x0e,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x30,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x71,0x4b,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
};  

有了字库数据后,可以通过定义结构体,存储不同字体信息的结构体变量(数组指针、宽度、高度):

定义结构体类型:

typedef struct _tFont
{    
  const uint8_t *table;			/* 字体数组指针 */
  uint16_t Width;						
  uint16_t Height;					
} sFONT;

然后定义定义3个结构体变量,分别保存 3 种不同尺寸字模的信息:

sFONT Font8x16 = {
  ASCII8x16_Table, 
  8, /* Width */
  16, /* Height */
};

sFONT Font16x24 = {
  ASCII16x24_Table, 
  16, /* Width */
  24, /* Height */
};

sFONT Font24x32 = {
  ASCII24x32_Table, 
  24, /* Width */
  32, /* Height */
};

这个结构体类型定义了三个变量,第一个是指向字模数据的指针,即前面提到的 C 语言数组,每二、三个变量存储了该字模单个字符的像素宽度和高度。利用这个类型定义了Font8x16、Font16x24之类的变量,方便显示时寻址。

切换字体:

static sFONT *LCD_Currentfonts = &Font8x16;  //英文字体

/**
  * @brief  设置英文字体类型
  * @param  fonts: 指定要选择的字体
	*		参数为以下值之一
  * 	@arg:Font24x32;
  * 	@arg:Font16x24;
  * 	@arg:Font8x16;
  * @retval None
  */
void LCD_SetFont(sFONT *fonts)
{
  LCD_Currentfonts = fonts;
}

显示单个英文字符:

/**
 * @brief  在 ILI9341 显示器上显示一个英文字符
 * @param  usX :在特定扫描方向下字符的起始X坐标
 * @param  usY :在特定扫描方向下该点的起始Y坐标
 * @param  cChar :要显示的英文字符
 * @note 可使用LCD_SetBackColor、LCD_SetTextColor、LCD_SetColors函数设置颜色
 * @retval 无
 */
void ILI9341_DispChar_EN ( uint16_t usX, uint16_t usY, const char cChar )
{
	uint8_t  byteCount, bitCount,fontLength;	
	uint16_t ucRelativePositon;
	uint8_t *Pfont;
	
	//对ascii码表偏移(字模表不包含ASCII表的前32个非图形符号)
	ucRelativePositon = cChar - ' ';
	
	//每个字模的字节数
	fontLength = (LCD_Currentfonts->Width * LCD_Currentfonts->Height) / 8;
		
	//字模首地址
	/*ascii码表偏移值乘以每个字模的字节数,求出字模的偏移位置*/
	Pfont = (uint8_t *)&LCD_Currentfonts->table[ucRelativePositon * fontLength];
	
	//设置显示窗口
	ILI9341_OpenWindow ( usX, usY, LCD_Currentfonts->Width, LCD_Currentfonts->Height);
	
	ILI9341_Write_Cmd ( CMD_SetPixel );			

	//按字节读取字模数据
	//由于前面直接设置了显示窗口,显示数据会自动换行
	for (byteCount = 0; byteCount < fontLength; byteCount++)
	{
		// 一位一位处理要显示的颜色
		for (bitCount = 0; bitCount < 8; bitCount++)
		{
			if (Pfont[byteCount] & (0x80 >> bitCount))
			{
				ILI9341_Write_Data (CurrentTextColor);	
			}						
			else
			{
				ILI9341_Write_Data (CurrentBackColor);
			}				
		}	
	}	
}

因为我们制作的字模从空格“ ”开始,所以要先求字符相对于空格的偏移,然后 偏移 * 字符大小 求得数组元素偏移,然后将指针指向 待显示字符 的起始位置,此时已经找到了字模数据。然后开窗(开窗的起始X Y 坐标由函数传入,开窗的宽度和高度跟字体保持一致),然后根据字模数据,设置像素点写入前景色or背景色

显示字符串:

/**
 * @brief  在 ILI9341 显示器上显示英文字符串
 * @param  usX :在特定扫描方向下字符的起始X坐标
 * @param  usY :在特定扫描方向下字符的起始Y坐标
 * @param  pStr :要显示的英文字符串的首地址
 * @note 可使用LCD_SetBackColor、LCD_SetTextColor、LCD_SetColors函数设置颜色
 * @retval 无
 */
void ILI9341_DispString_EN ( 	uint16_t usX ,uint16_t usY,  char * pStr )
{
	while ( * pStr != '\0' )
	{
		/* 如果X方向显示超出,则切换到下一行显示(X回0位,Y加字模高度) */
		if ( ( usX - ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star + LCD_Currentfonts->Width ) > LCD_X_LENGTH )
		{
			usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
			usY += LCD_Currentfonts->Height;
		}
		/* 如果Y方向超出,重新回到起点显示 */
		if ( ( usY - ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star + LCD_Currentfonts->Height ) > LCD_Y_LENGTH )
		{
			usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
			usY = ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star;
		}
		
		ILI9341_DispChar_EN ( usX, usY, * pStr);
		
		pStr ++;
		
		usX += LCD_Currentfonts->Width;
	}
}

这个显示字符串的函数,其实是封装了上一个显示单个字符的函数。通过while循环检测字符串的结尾,然后利用ILI9341_DispChar_EN函数不断的显示字符。第一个if语句,表示如果当前的字符 X方向 起始位置超出了LCD的X范围,那么切换到下一行显示(X坐标回到起始位置,Y坐标 + 字符高度);第二个if语句,如果当前Y方向坐标超出了LCD的Y范围,则直接回到液晶屏的起始处显示。

既然有了显示字符串的函数,更进一步的,我们希望可以直接将字符串显示到某一行,如:

ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN(LINE(4),"Draw line:");

这里,实际上是封装了一个LINE的宏,这个宏根据输入的行号和字体高度,计算实际上的 Y方向坐标,然后显示。

#define LINE(x) ((x) * (((sFONT *)LCD_GetFont())->Height))

/**
 * @brief  在 ILI9341 显示器上显示英文字符串
 * @param  line :在特定扫描方向下字符串的起始Y坐标
  *   本参数可使用宏LINE(0)、LINE(1)等方式指定文字坐标,
  *   宏LINE(x)会根据当前选择的字体来计算Y坐标值。
	*		显示中文且使用LINE宏时,需要把英文字体设置成Font8x16
 * @param  pStr :要显示的英文字符串的首地址
 * @note 可使用LCD_SetBackColor、LCD_SetTextColor、LCD_SetColors函数设置颜色
 * @retval 无
 */
void ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN (  uint16_t line,  char * pStr )
{
	uint16_t usX = 0;
	
	while ( * pStr != '\0' )
	{
		if ( ( usX - ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star + LCD_Currentfonts->Width ) > LCD_X_LENGTH )
		{
			usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
			line += LCD_Currentfonts->Height;
		}
		
		if ( ( line - ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star + LCD_Currentfonts->Height ) > LCD_Y_LENGTH )
		{
			usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
			line = ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star;
		}
		
		ILI9341_DispChar_EN ( usX, line, * pStr);
		
		pStr ++;
		
		usX += LCD_Currentfonts->Width;
		
	}
}

以特定颜色,清除屏幕的某一区域(其实就是开窗,填充颜色):

/**
 * @brief  在ILI9341显示器上以某一颜色填充像素点
 * @param  ulAmout_Point :要填充颜色的像素点的总数目
 * @param  usColor :颜色
 * @retval 无
 */
static __inline void ILI9341_FillColor ( uint32_t ulAmout_Point, uint16_t usColor )
{
	uint32_t i = 0;
	
	
	/* memory write */
	ILI9341_Write_Cmd ( CMD_SetPixel );	
		
	for ( i = 0; i < ulAmout_Point; i ++ )
		ILI9341_Write_Data ( usColor );
}


/**
 * @brief  对ILI9341显示器的某一窗口以某种颜色进行清屏
 * @param  usX :在特定扫描方向下窗口的起点X坐标
 * @param  usY :在特定扫描方向下窗口的起点Y坐标
 * @param  usWidth :窗口的宽度
 * @param  usHeight :窗口的高度
 * @note 可使用LCD_SetBackColor、LCD_SetTextColor、LCD_SetColors函数设置颜色
 * @retval 无
 */
void ILI9341_Clear ( uint16_t usX, uint16_t usY, uint16_t usWidth, uint16_t usHeight )
{
	ILI9341_OpenWindow ( usX, usY, usWidth, usHeight );

	ILI9341_FillColor ( usWidth * usHeight, CurrentBackColor );		
	
}

清除某一行的文本:

/**
  * @brief  清除某行文字
  * @param  Line: 指定要删除的行
  *   本参数可使用宏LINE(0)、LINE(1)等方式指定要删除的行,
  *   宏LINE(x)会根据当前选择的字体来计算Y坐标值,并删除当前字体高度的第x行。
  * @retval None
  */
void LCD_ClearLine(uint16_t Line)
{
  ILI9341_Clear(0,Line,LCD_X_LENGTH,((sFONT *)LCD_GetFont())->Height);	/* 清屏,显示全黑 */

}

显示字符串的代码测试:

/*用于测试各种液晶的函数*/
void LCD_Test(void)
{
	/*演示显示变量*/
	static uint8_t testCNT = 0;	
	char dispBuff[100];
	
	testCNT++;	
	
	LCD_SetFont(&Font8x16);
	LCD_SetColors(RED,BLACK);

    ILI9341_Clear(0,0,LCD_X_LENGTH,LCD_Y_LENGTH);	/* 清屏,显示全黑 */
	/********显示字符串示例*******/
    ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN(LINE(0),"BH 3.2 inch LCD para:");
    ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN(LINE(1),"Image resolution:240x320 px");
    ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN(LINE(2),"ILI9341 LCD driver");
    ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN(LINE(3),"XPT2046 Touch Pad driver");
  
	/********显示变量示例*******/
	LCD_SetFont(&Font16x24);
	LCD_SetTextColor(GREEN);

	/*使用c标准库把变量转化成字符串*/
	sprintf(dispBuff,"Count : %d ",testCNT);
    LCD_ClearLine(LINE(4));	/* 清除单行文字 */
	
	/*然后显示该字符串即可,其它变量也是这样处理*/
	ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN(LINE(4),dispBuff);
  
    ILI9341_Clear(0,16*8,LCD_X_LENGTH,LCD_Y_LENGTH-16*8);	/* 清屏,显示全黑 */
}

其中,sprintf函数,可以用来将变量转换成字符串,并保存在字符数组中,然后就可以调用ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN显示。

/*使用c标准库把变量转化成字符串*/
sprintf(dispBuff,"Count : %d ",testCNT);
LCD_ClearLine(LINE(4));	/* 清除单行文字 */
	
/*然后显示该字符串即可,其它变量也是这样处理*/
ILI9341_DispStringLine_EN(LINE(4),dispBuff);

sprintf函数的使用:

中文显示

显示单个中文字符:

/**
 * @brief  在 ILI9341 显示器上显示一个中文字符
 * @param  usX :在特定扫描方向下字符的起始X坐标
 * @param  usY :在特定扫描方向下字符的起始Y坐标
 * @param  usChar :要显示的中文字符(国标码)
 * @note 可使用LCD_SetBackColor、LCD_SetTextColor、LCD_SetColors函数设置颜色
 * @retval 无
 */ 
void ILI9341_DispChar_CH ( uint16_t usX, uint16_t usY, uint16_t usChar )
{
	uint8_t rowCount, bitCount;
	uint8_t ucBuffer [ WIDTH_CH_CHAR*HEIGHT_CH_CHAR/8 ];	
  uint16_t usTemp; 	

	//设置显示窗口
	ILI9341_OpenWindow ( usX, usY, WIDTH_CH_CHAR, HEIGHT_CH_CHAR );
	
	ILI9341_Write_Cmd ( CMD_SetPixel );
	
	//取字模数据,保存在ucBuffer数组中  
  GetGBKCode ( ucBuffer, usChar );	
	
	for ( rowCount = 0; rowCount < HEIGHT_CH_CHAR; rowCount++ )
	{
    /* 取出两个字节的数据,在lcd上即是一个汉字的一行 */
        // 汉字点阵为16*16,每行2字节
		usTemp = ucBuffer [ rowCount * 2 ];
		usTemp = ( usTemp << 8 );
		usTemp |= ucBuffer [ rowCount * 2 + 1 ];
		
		for ( bitCount = 0; bitCount < WIDTH_CH_CHAR; bitCount ++ )
		{			
			if ( usTemp & ( 0x8000 >> bitCount ) )  //高位在前 
			  ILI9341_Write_Data ( CurrentTextColor );				
			else
				ILI9341_Write_Data ( CurrentBackColor );			
		}		
	}
}

       这个显示GB2312汉字编码的函数,与之前显示ASCII英文字符编码的非常类似。它的输入参数有 usX,usY 及 usChar。其中 usX 和 usY 用于设定字符的显示位置,usChar 是字符的编码,这是一个 16 位的变量,因为 GB2312编码中每个字符是 2 个字节的。函数的执行流程如下:

(1)使用 ILI9341_OpenWindow 和 ILI9341_Write_Cmd 来设置开窗并发送显示像素命令;

(2)使用量 macGetGBKCode 函数获取字模数据,向该函数输入 usChar 参数(字符的编码),它会从外部 SPI-FLASH 芯片或 

         SD 卡中读取该字符的字模数据,读取得的数据被存储到数组 ucBuffer中;

(3)遍历像素点。这个代码在遍历时还使用了 usTemp 变量用来缓存一行的字模数据(本字模一行有 2 个字节),然后一位一位

         地判断这些数据,数据位为 1 的时候,像素点就显示字体颜色,否则显示背景颜色。原理是跟 ASCII 字符显示一样的;

根据GB2312编码,获取字模数据的函数封装:

/*使用FLASH字模*/
/*中文字库存储在FLASH的起始地址*/
/*FLASH*/
#define GBKCODE_START_ADDRESS   387*4096


/*获取字库的函数*/
//定义获取中文字符字模数组的函数名,ucBuffer为存放字模数组名,usChar为中文字符(国标码)
#define GetGBKCode(ucBuffer, usChar)    GetGBKCode_from_EXFlash( ucBuffer, usChar )  
int GetGBKCode_from_EXFlash( uint8_t * pBuffer, uint16_t c);

/*使用FLASH字模*/
//字模GB2312_H1616配套的函数

//中文字库存储在FLASH的起始地址 :
//GBKCODE_START_ADDRESS 在fonts.h文件定义
/**
  * @brief  获取FLASH中文显示字库数据
	* @param  pBuffer:存储字库矩阵的缓冲区
	* @param  c : 要获取的文字
  * @retval None.
  */
int GetGBKCode_from_EXFlash( uint8_t * pBuffer, uint16_t c)
{ 
    unsigned char High8bit,Low8bit;
    unsigned int pos;
	
	static uint8_t everRead=0;
		
	/*第一次使用,初始化FLASH*/
	if(everRead == 0)
	{
		SPI_FLASH_Init();
		everRead = 1;
	}
	
	/* 参数c 为GB2312编码,获取 高8位 和 低8位 */
	High8bit= c >> 8;     /* 取高8位数据 */
    Low8bit= c & 0x00FF;  /* 取低8位数据 */		
	  	
	/* GB2312 公式,计算区位码的偏移,再乘以字模字节数 */
    pos = ((High8bit-0xa1)*94+Low8bit-0xa1)*WIDTH_CH_CHAR*HEIGHT_CH_CHAR/8; 
	//读取字库数据  	        
	SPI_FLASH_BufferRead(pBuffer,GBKCODE_START_ADDRESS+pos,WIDTH_CH_CHAR*HEIGHT_CH_CHAR/8); 
	
	return 0;  
}

这个函数起始也很简单,具体执行流程分析如下:

显示中文字符串(只能中文,不能中英文混合):

/**
 * @brief  在 ILI9341 显示器上显示中文字符串
 * @param  line :在特定扫描方向下字符串的起始Y坐标
  *   本参数可使用宏LINE(0)、LINE(1)等方式指定文字坐标,
  *   宏LINE(x)会根据当前选择的字体来计算Y坐标值。
	*		显示中文且使用LINE宏时,需要把英文字体设置成Font8x16
 * @param  pStr :要显示的英文字符串的首地址
 * @note 可使用LCD_SetBackColor、LCD_SetTextColor、LCD_SetColors函数设置颜色
 * @retval 无
 */
void ILI9341_DispString_CH ( 	uint16_t usX , uint16_t usY, char * pStr )
{	
	uint16_t usCh;

	
	while( * pStr != '\0' )
	{		
		if ( ( usX - ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star + WIDTH_CH_CHAR ) > LCD_X_LENGTH )
		{
			usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
			usY += HEIGHT_CH_CHAR;
		}
		
		if ( ( usY - ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star + HEIGHT_CH_CHAR ) > LCD_Y_LENGTH )
		{
			usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
			usY = ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star;
		}	
		
		usCh = * ( uint16_t * ) pStr;	
	  usCh = ( usCh << 8 ) + ( usCh >> 8 );

		ILI9341_DispChar_CH ( usX, usY, usCh );
		
		usX += WIDTH_CH_CHAR;
		
		pStr += 2;           //一个汉字两个字节 
	}	   
}

这个函数,跟之前的显示英文字符串的函数一样,唯一的区别就是,这个函数一次读取两个字节(GB2312编码)。

显示任意字符串(中英文混合):

/**
 * @brief  在 ILI9341 显示器上显示中英文字符串
 * @param  usX :在特定扫描方向下字符的起始X坐标
 * @param  usY :在特定扫描方向下字符的起始Y坐标
 * @param  pStr :要显示的字符串的首地址
 * @note 可使用LCD_SetBackColor、LCD_SetTextColor、LCD_SetColors函数设置颜色
 * @retval 无
 */
void ILI9341_DispString_EN_CH ( 	uint16_t usX , uint16_t usY, char * pStr )
{
	uint16_t usCh;
	
	while( * pStr != '\0' )
	{
		if ( * pStr <= 126 )	           	//英文字符
		{
			if ( ( usX - ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star + LCD_Currentfonts->Width ) > LCD_X_LENGTH )
			{
				usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
				usY += LCD_Currentfonts->Height;
			}
			
			if ( ( usY - ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star + LCD_Currentfonts->Height ) > LCD_Y_LENGTH )
			{
				usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
				usY = ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star;
			}			
		
		  ILI9341_DispChar_EN ( usX, usY, * pStr );
			
			usX +=  LCD_Currentfonts->Width;
		
		  pStr ++;

		}
		
		else	                            //汉字字符
		{
			if ( ( usX - ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star + WIDTH_CH_CHAR ) > LCD_X_LENGTH )
			{
				usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
				usY += HEIGHT_CH_CHAR;
			}
			
			if ( ( usY - ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star + HEIGHT_CH_CHAR ) > LCD_Y_LENGTH )
			{
				usX = ILI9341_DispWindow_X_Star;
				usY = ILI9341_DispWindow_Y_Star;
			}	
			
			usCh = * ( uint16_t * ) pStr;	
			
			usCh = ( usCh << 8 ) + ( usCh >> 8 );		

			ILI9341_DispChar_CH ( usX, usY, usCh );
			
			usX += WIDTH_CH_CHAR;
			
			pStr += 2;           //一个汉字两个字节 
		
            }
	 	
        }	
} 

任意显示中英文字符的原理,起始就是之前讲到的GB2312兼容ASCII编码。读取一个字节,如果编码值<=126,则是ASCII编码,直接调用单个英文字符的打印函数;否则为GB2312编码,连续读取两个字节,并调用中文单字打印的函数。

 

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