动态绑定--实例

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

 

using namespace std;

 

class Item_base

{

public:

       Item_base(const string &book = "", double sales_price = 0.0) :

         isbn(book), price(sales_price) {}

 

       string book() const

       {

              return isbn;

       }

 

       //如果去掉virtual，则print_total只调用基类net_price函数

virtual double net_price(size_t n) const

       {

              cout << "我是基类" << endl;

              return n * price;

       }

 

       void print_total(ostream &os, const Item_base &item, size_t n)

       {

              os << "isbn: " << item.book() << endl;

              os << "number: " << n << endl;

              os << "total price: " << item.net_price(n) << endl << endl;

       }

 

       virtual ~Item_base() {}

 

private:

       string isbn;

      

protected:

       double price;

};

 

//有限折扣类

class Lds_item : public Item_base {

public:

       //构造函数

       Lds_item(const std::string& book = "", 

              double sales_price = 0.0,

              size_t qty = 0, double disc_rate = 0.0):

       Item_base(book, sales_price), //调用基类构造函数

              max_qty(qty), discount(disc_rate) { }

      

       //重定义基类版本以实现有限折扣策略

       //对低于上限的购书量使用折扣价格

       double Lds_item::net_price(size_t cnt) const

       {

              cout << "我是派生类" << endl;

              if (cnt <= max_qty)

                     return cnt * (1 - discount) * price;

              else

                     return cnt * price - max_qty * discount * price;

       }

      

private:

       size_t max_qty; // 可打折的购书量上限

       double discount; // 折扣率

};

 

int main()

{

       Item_base base("c++", 10);

       Lds_item derived("primer", 20, 3, 0.2);

      

       base.print_total(cout, base, 10);

       base.print_total(cout, derived, 10);

 

       return 0;

}