本文主要实现两个功能:
(1)通过Android sdk的API得到应用程序的包名(PackageName),然后传递给c++层函数。
(2)通过c++函数调用Android的java层函数,显示一个对话框,点击按钮退出程序。
1. 首先来简单学习一下JNI的相关知识,我这篇文章中简单实现了怎么在Android Java层调用c++函数。要想使用JNI,必须得包含头文件,android是使用ndk编译c/c++的,这里jni.h文件位于:\android-ndk-r8b\platforms\android-14\arch-arm\usr\include\jni.h,该文件定义了所有和JNI相关的数据类型和接口。下面是相关代码片段:
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# include <inttypes.h> /* C99 */
typedef
uint8_t jboolean;
/* unsigned 8 bits */
typedef
int8_t jbyte;
/* signed 8 bits */
typedef
uint16_t jchar;
/* unsigned 16 bits */
typedef
int16_t jshort;
/* signed 16 bits */
typedef
int32_t jint;
/* signed 32 bits */
typedef
int64_t jlong;
/* signed 64 bits */
typedef
float
jfloat;
/* 32-bit IEEE 754 */
typedef
double
jdouble;
/* 64-bit IEEE 754 */
#else
typedef
unsigned
char
jboolean;
/* unsigned 8 bits */
typedef
signed
char
jbyte;
/* signed 8 bits */
typedef
unsigned
short
jchar;
/* unsigned 16 bits */
typedef
short
jshort;
/* signed 16 bits */
typedef
int
jint;
/* signed 32 bits */
typedef
long
long
jlong;
/* signed 64 bits */
typedef
float
jfloat;
/* 32-bit IEEE 754 */
typedef
double
jdouble;
/* 64-bit IEEE 754 */
#endif
/* "cardinal indices and sizes" */
typedef
jint jsize;
#ifdef __cplusplus
/*
* Reference types, in C++
*/
class
_jobject {};
class
_jclass :
public
_jobject {};
class
_jstring :
public
_jobject {};
class
_jarray :
public
_jobject {};
class
_jobjectArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jbooleanArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jbyteArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jcharArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jshortArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jintArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jlongArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jfloatArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jdoubleArray :
public
_jarray {};
class
_jthrowable :
public
_jobject {};
typedef
_jobject* jobject;
typedef
_jclass* jclass;
typedef
_jstring* jstring;
typedef
_jarray* jarray;
typedef
_jobjectArray* jobjectArray;
typedef
_jbooleanArray* jbooleanArray;
typedef
_jbyteArray* jbyteArray;
typedef
_jcharArray* jcharArray;
typedef
_jshortArray* jshortArray;
typedef
_jintArray* jintArray;
typedef
_jlongArray* jlongArray;
typedef
_jfloatArray* jfloatArray;
typedef
_jdoubleArray* jdoubleArray;
typedef
_jthrowable* jthrowable;
typedef
_jobject* jweak;
#else /* not __cplusplus */
/*
* Reference types, in C.
*/
typedef
void
* jobject;
typedef
jobject jclass;
typedef
jobject jstring;
typedef
jobject jarray;
typedef
jarray jobjectArray;
typedef
jarray jbooleanArray;
typedef
jarray jbyteArray;
typedef
jarray jcharArray;
typedef
jarray jshortArray;
typedef
jarray jintArray;
typedef
jarray jlongArray;
typedef
jarray jfloatArray;
typedef
jarray jdoubleArray;
typedef
jobject jthrowable;
typedef
jobject jweak;
#endif /* not __cplusplus */
|
我们经常用到的是JNIEnv*,它是一个c结构体,封装了许多常用的函数,如:
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struct
_JNIEnv {
/* do not rename this; it does not seem to be entirely opaque */
const
struct
JNINativeInterface* functions;
#if defined(__cplusplus)
jint GetVersion()
{
return
functions->GetVersion(
this
); }
jclass DefineClass(
const
char
*name, jobject loader,
const
jbyte* buf,
jsize bufLen)
{
return
functions->DefineClass(
this
, name, loader, buf, bufLen); }
jclass FindClass(
const
char
* name)
{
return
functions->FindClass(
this
, name); }
// 这里省略其他函数...
}
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cocos2d-x引擎对jni的操作进行了封装,提供了一个非常好用的类:JniHelper,定义了一些常用的接口,该文件位于cocos2dx/platform/android/jni目录下。下面看看JniHelper.h源码:
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typedef
struct
JniMethodInfo_
{
JNIEnv * env;
jclass classID;
jmethodID methodID;
} JniMethodInfo;
class
CC_DLL JniHelper
{
public
:
static
JavaVM* getJavaVM();
static
void
setJavaVM(JavaVM *javaVM);
static
const
char
* getExternalAssetPath();
static
void
setExternalAssetPath(
const
char
* externalAssetPath);
static
jclass getClassID(
const
char
*className, JNIEnv *env=0);
static
bool
getStaticMethodInfo(JniMethodInfo &methodinfo,
const
char
*className,
const
char
*methodName,
const
char
*paramCode);
static
bool
getMethodInfo(JniMethodInfo &methodinfo,
const
char
*className,
const
char
*methodName,
const
char
*paramCode);
static
std::string jstring2string(jstring str);
private
:
static
JavaVM *m_psJavaVM;
static
std::string m_externalAssetPath;
};
|
下面来解释JniHelper的两个常用函数:
(1)getStaticMethodInfo
用来判断Java的类静态函数是否存在,并初始化结构体JniMethodInfo,该结构体封装了JNIEnv*和java.lang.Class对象、函数ID。这样就可以使用JNIEnv*调用 CallStaticXXXMethod(jclass clazz, jmethodID methodID, …)和 CallXXXMethod(jobject obj, jmethodID methodID, …)等常用函数(XXX替换为函数返回值类型,如:Void,Int等)。
第一个参数为JniMethodInfo,第二个参数是类的绝对路径,第三个参数是函数名,第四个参数是函数签名(参数和返回类型),示例代码如下:
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if
(JniHelper::getStaticMethodInfo(t, CLASS_NAME,
"showTipDialog"
,
"(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"
))
{
//...
}
|
关于类型签名,请对照下图:
(2)getMethodInfo
该函数与getStaticMethodInfo类似,用于Java类的非静态函数。
2. 下面开始实现文章开头所述的两个功能,本文是在cocos2d-x 2.0版本 自适应屏幕分辨率demo的基础上添加的。
(1)利用cocos2d-x创建一个Android工程,名为JniTest,包名为com.alexzhou.jni,此时该包下会自动生成一个JniTest.java文件。
(2)首先来实现把应用程序的包名传递给c++函数,在包下创建JniTestHelper.java,该类封装了给c++调用的函数,添加如下代码:
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private
static
Handler mHandler;
public
static
void
init(Handler handler)
{
JniTestHelper.mHandler = handler;
}
public
static
native
void
setPackageName(String packageName);
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(3)打开JniTest.java,在onCreate函数中添加下面的代码:
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protected
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
JniTestHelper.init(mHandler);
JniTestHelper.setPackageName(
this
.getPackageName());
}
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(4)java层的代码已经完成了,下面来编写jni层代码,在/jni/hellocpp/下创建test.h和test.cpp文件,test.h文件暂时不添加任何函数,代码如下:
test.h
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#ifndef TEST_H
#define TEST_H
#endif
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test.cpp
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#include "cocos2d.h"
#include <jni.h>
#include "platform/android/jni/JniHelper.h"
#include "test.h"
#include "JniTest.h"
#define CLASS_NAME "com/alexzhou/jni/JniTestHelper"
using
namespace
cocos2d;
extern
"C"
{
void
Java_com_alexzhou_jni_JniTestHelper_setPackageName(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring packageName)
{
const
char
*pkgName = env->GetStringUTFChars(packageName, NULL);
setPackageName(pkgName);
env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(packageName, pkgName);
}
}
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必须加上extern “C”,声明以c语言的方式进行编译,因为c++和c在编译时生成的函数签名不一样,可以在网上查找相关资料,不然运行的时候会出现链接错误。
(5)现在编写c++函数,在Classes目录下创建JniTest.h,代码如下:
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#ifndef JNI_TEST_H
#define JNI_TEST_H
#include "cocos2d.h"
using
namespace
cocos2d;
void
setPackageName(
const
char
*packageName)
{
CCLog(
"packageName: %s"
, packageName);
}
#endif
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(6)修改jni/Android.mk文件的LOCAL_SRC_FILES值 ,内容如下:
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LOCAL_SRC_FILES := hellocpp
/main
.cpp \
hellocpp
/test
.cpp
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(7)编译运行,因为我是使用cygwin编译的,而且Android项目不在cocos2d-x的根目录下,所以需要修改build_native.sh,修改COCOS2DX_ROOT和NDK_MODULE_PATH的值,把当前cocos2d-x项目的路径添加到NDK_MODULE_PATH,修改后的值:
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COCOS2DX_ROOT=
"/cygdrive/e/cocos2d-x/cocos2d-2.0-x-2.0.4"
"NDK_MODULE_PATH=${COCOS2DX_ROOT}:${COCOS2DX_ROOT}/cocos2dx/platform/third_party/android/prebuilt:${APP_ROOT}"
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运行结果:
(8)现在来实现通过c++函数调用java层函数,显示一个对话框。在JniTestHelper.java添加如下代码:
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public
static
native
void
exitApp();
private
static
void
showTipDialog(
final
String title,
final
String text)
{
Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
msg.what = JniTest.SHOW_DIALOG;
DialogMessage dm =
new
DialogMessage();
dm.title = title;
dm.msg = text;
msg.obj = dm;
msg.sendToTarget();
}
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(9)创建一个DialogMessage.java,封装dialog要显示的数据。
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/**
author:alexzhou
email :zhoujiangbohai@163.com
date :2012-12-14
**/
public
class
DialogMessage {
public
String title;
public
String msg;
}
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(10) 修改JniTest.java,添加显示对话框的函数:
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public
static
final
int
SHOW_DIALOG =
0x0001
;
private
Handler mHandler =
new
Handler()
{
@Override
public
void
handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch
(msg.what)
{
case
SHOW_DIALOG:
DialogMessage dm = (DialogMessage)msg.obj;
new
AlertDialog.Builder(JniTest.
this
)
.setTitle(dm.title)
.setMessage(dm.msg).setNegativeButton(
"cancle"
,
new
DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public
void
onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int
which) {
dialog.dismiss();
}
})
.setPositiveButton(
"Ok"
,
new
DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public
void
onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int
which) {
dialog.dismiss();
JniTestHelper.exitApp();
}
})
.create().show();
break
;
}
}
};
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(11)在test.h和test.cpp中添加显示对话框的接口:
test.h
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extern
"C"
{
void
showTipDialog(
const
char
*title,
const
char
*msg);
}
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test.cpp
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extern
"C"
{
void
showTipDialog(
const
char
*title,
const
char
*msg)
{
JniMethodInfo t;
if
(JniHelper::getStaticMethodInfo(t, CLASS_NAME,
"showTipDialog"
,
"(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"
))
{
jstring jTitle = t.env->NewStringUTF(title);
jstring jMsg = t.env->NewStringUTF(msg);
t.env->CallStaticVoidMethod(t.classID, t.methodID, jTitle, jMsg);
t.env->DeleteLocalRef(jTitle);
t.env->DeleteLocalRef(jMsg);
}
}
void
Java_com_alexzhou_jni_JniTestHelper_setPackageName(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring packageName)
{
const
char
*pkgName = env->GetStringUTFChars(packageName, NULL);
setPackageName(pkgName);
env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(packageName, pkgName);
}
void
Java_com_alexzhou_jni_JniTestHelper_exitApp(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz)
{
exitApp();
}
}
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(12) 修改Classes目录下的JniTest.h,添加代码:
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void
exitApp()
{
CCDirector::sharedDirector()->end();
}
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(13)到此为止,所有代码都已经完成了,代码比较简单就不详细解释了,现在编译运行,效果如下:
源码下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/zhoujianghai/4890792
-
2楼
青峰 2013-04-29 09:37发表
-
- tv这个 我们公司打算做 还没有做呢 要不你去cocos2d-x的官网问问吧
-
1楼
liuduotao0605 2013-04-27 16:39发表
-
- 您好。我想问下关于cocos2d-x中有没有类似android中onkeydown的按键监听方法?我现在需要把cocos2dx移植到android的项目再次移植到android系统的tv中,tv是有遥控的,我需要监听到遥控上的按键。cocos2dx能否监听到这种特殊键值的按键呢?