1.先按照大众方法配置setting:
注意:default键必须要有。
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
},
'auto_sale_db': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': 'auto_sale_database',
},
}
DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['auto_sale_spider.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter']
DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = {
# example:
# 'app_name':'database_name',
'spider': 'default',
'auto_sale': 'auto_sale_db',
}
注意:
(1)如果是Django自带的sqlite3,则必须在name中加入后缀,e.g 'db.sqlite3',否则Django不知道自己在建立数据库文件!
还有一个很诡异的事情是,如果没有加后缀,可以在通过流程的调用,来对数据库进行操作。但是不能通过直接运行python文件来操作数据库。
2.database_router.py
位置:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.conf import settings
DATABASE_MAPPING = settings.DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING
class DatabaseAppsRouter(object):
"""
A router to control all database operations on models for different
databases.
In case an app is not set in settings.DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING, the router
will fallback to the `default` database.
Settings example:
DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = {'app1': 'db1', 'app2': 'db2'}
"""
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
""""Point all read operations to the specific database."""
if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label]
return None
def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
"""Point all write operations to the specific database."""
if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label]
return None
def allow_relation(self, obj1, obj2, **hints):
"""Allow any relation between apps that use the same database."""
db_obj1 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj1._meta.app_label)
db_obj2 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj2._meta.app_label)
if db_obj1 and db_obj2:
if db_obj1 == db_obj2:
return True
else:
return False
return None
# Django 1.7 - Django 1.11
def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
print db, app_label, model_name, hints
if db in DATABASE_MAPPING.values():
return DATABASE_MAPPING.get(app_label) == db
elif app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
return False
return None
然后是下面的(最重要):
需要注意的是:
1.给每一个model类写meta类,写app_label属性
2.python manage.py makemigrations是对所有数据库操作,
但是python manage.py migrate只对default数据库操作
需要python manage.py migrate --database=database_name 来单独同步每一个数据库