先自我介绍一下吧。我是山沟沟里的一枚小小程序员，工作一年有余。虽然外包环境的工作真的学不到什么真本事，但掌握了一些学习的方法，也还算不亏，目前准备跳槽，去一家给自己做项目的公司。
于是乎，开启了学霸模式，准备好好啃透JDK的源码先。这对于我的成为架构师的目标可能会再进一步。
开始学习Integer类先。
- Integer.min(int a,int b)
/**
* Returns the smaller of two {@code int} values
* as if by calling {@link Math#min(int, int) Math.min}.
*
* @param a the first operand
* @param b the second operand
* @return the smaller of {@code a} and {@code b}
* @see java.util.function.BinaryOperator
* @since 1.8
*/
public static int min(int a, int b) {
return Math.min(a, b);
}
/**
* Returns the smaller of two {@code int} values. That is,
* the result the argument closer to the value of
* {@link Integer#MIN_VALUE}. If the arguments have the same
* value, the result is that same value.
*
* @param a an argument.
* @param b another argument.
* @return the smaller of {@code a} and {@code b}.
*/
public static int min(int a, int b) {
return (a <= b) ? a : b;
}
- Integer.max 、 Integer.sum不想多说。。。
- Integer.reverseBytes(int i)
/**
* Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bytes in the
* two's complement representation of the specified {@code int} value.
*
* @param i the value whose bytes are to be reversed
* @return the value obtained by reversing the bytes in the specified
* {@code int} value.
* @since 1.5
*/
public static int reverseBytes(int i) {
return ((i >>> 24) ) |
((i >> 8) & 0xFF00) |
((i << 8) & 0xFF0000) |
((i << 24));
}该方法有必要好好说说，我也是研究了天，毕竟水平有限。方法每次移动8位，作用为反转字节。先科普下移位运算符吧
，>>为右移运算符，<<为左移运算符，>>>为无符号右移运算符，效果等同于>>。如何进行移位运算呢，将数转换成32位
二进制，然后进行移位运算，然后转回十进制即可。0xFF00可表示为0x0000FF00，0xFF0000表示为0x00FF0000。
- Integer.reverse(int i)
/**
* Returns the value obtained by reversing the order of the bits in the
* two's complement binary representation of the specified {@code int}
* value.
*
* @param i the value to be reversed
* @return the value obtained by reversing order of the bits in the
* specified {@code int} value.
* @since 1.5
*/
public static int reverse(int i) {
// HD, Figure 7-1
i = (i & 0x55555555) << 1 | (i >>> 1) & 0x55555555;
i = (i & 0x33333333) << 2 | (i >>> 2) & 0x33333333;
i = (i & 0x0f0f0f0f) << 4 | (i >>> 4) & 0x0f0f0f0f;
i = (i << 24) | ((i & 0xff00) << 8) |
((i >>> 8) & 0xff00) | (i >>> 24);
return i;
}此方法为反转，理论为首尾颠倒，以此类推。例：ABCD反转之后为DCBA。现在来看源码，0x55555555为奇数位为1的一组
二进制数01010101010101010101010101010101，第一行得到的数为，将原数偶数位置零并将原本奇数位的数字放置偶数位，原
数右移一位并将奇数位置零，即就是将原数的偶数位置零并将奇数位移至偶数位，或关系，取得最终的原数变为 奇数偶数 对调位置
；第二行，结果为，奇偶对调的数每四位进行前后两位对调；第三行为每八位前后四位为一组对调；第四行为每八位一组首尾对调。
- Integer.signum(int i)
/**
* Returns the signum function of the specified {@code int} value. (The
* return value is -1 if the specified value is negative; 0 if the
* specified value is zero; and 1 if the specified value is positive.)
*
* @param i the value whose signum is to be computed
* @return the signum function of the specified {@code int} value.
* @since 1.5
*/
public static int signum(int i) {
// HD, Section 2-7
return (i >> 31) | (-i >>> 31);
}一目了然，取数字的正负号，正数为1，0为0，负数为-1。当i为正数，i右移31位为0，而-i无符号右移31位必然为1。当i为0，那
就是0；当i为负数，i右移31位为-1，而不管-i右移为什么，结果都为-1 。
- Integer.rotateRight(int i ,int distance) 与 Integer.rotateLeft(int i ,int distance)类似
/**
* Returns the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary
* representation of the specified {@code int} value right by the
* specified number of bits. (Bits shifted out of the right hand, or
* low-order, side reenter on the left, or high-order.)
*
* <p>Note that right rotation with a negative distance is equivalent to
* left rotation: {@code rotateRight(val, -distance) == rotateLeft(val,
* distance)}. Note also that rotation by any multiple of 32 is a
* no-op, so all but the last five bits of the rotation distance can be
* ignored, even if the distance is negative: {@code rotateRight(val,
* distance) == rotateRight(val, distance & 0x1F)}.
*
* @param i the value whose bits are to be rotated right
* @param distance the number of bit positions to rotate right
* @return the value obtained by rotating the two's complement binary
* representation of the specified {@code int} value right by the
* specified number of bits.
* @since 1.5
*/
public static int rotateRight(int i, int distance) {
return (i >>> distance) | (i << -distance);
}
可以看到，将i无符号右移distance位，i左移32-distance位，方法为循环右移，并将右移的数补至最左边。
- Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(int i)
/**
* Returns the number of zero bits following the lowest-order ("rightmost")
* one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the specified
* {@code int} value. Returns 32 if the specified value has no
* one-bits in its two's complement representation, in other words if it is
* equal to zero.
*
* @param i the value whose number of trailing zeros is to be computed
* @return the number of zero bits following the lowest-order ("rightmost")
* one-bit in the two's complement binary representation of the
* specified {@code int} value, or 32 if the value is equal
* to zero.
* @since 1.5
*/
public static int numberOfTrailingZeros(int i) {
// HD, Figure 5-14
int y;
if (i == 0) return 32;
int n = 31;
y = i <<16; if (y != 0) { n = n -16; i = y; }
y = i << 8; if (y != 0) { n = n - 8; i = y; }
y = i << 4; if (y != 0) { n = n - 4; i = y; }
y = i << 2; if (y != 0) { n = n - 2; i = y; }
return n - ((i << 1) >>> 31);
}方法作用为取低位到高位二进制表示时至第一个1处，0的个数。方法思路，二分法，若不是0，至多31个零，左移16位，不为零则至多n=15个零，将i左移16位，为零，说明第一个1在高位，至多n=31个零；左移8位，不为零则至多n-8个零，为零则至多15or31个零；依次。。。。。。与numberOfLeadingZeros方法类似
- Integer.lowestOneBit(int i)
/**
* Returns an {@code int} value with at most a single one-bit, in the
* position of the lowest-order ("rightmost") one-bit in the specified
* {@code int} value. Returns zero if the specified value has no
* one-bits in its two's complement binary representation, that is, if it
* is equal to zero.
*
* @param i the value whose lowest one bit is to be computed
* @return an {@code int} value with a single one-bit, in the position
* of the lowest-order one-bit in the specified value, or zero if
* the specified value is itself equal to zero.
* @since 1.5
*/
public static int lowestOneBit(int i) {
// HD, Section 2-1
return i & -i;
}方法为找出i的最低位，右起第一个1保留，其余位置零；算法与highestOneBit相反。
- Integer.decode(String nm)
/**
* Decodes a {@code String} into an {@code Integer}.
* Accepts decimal, hexadecimal, and octal numbers given
* by the following grammar:
*
* <blockquote>
* <dl>
* <dt><i>DecodableString:</i>
* <dd><i>Sign<sub>opt</sub> DecimalNumeral</i>
* <dd><i>Sign<sub>opt</sub></i> {@code 0x} <i>HexDigits</i>
* <dd><i>Sign<sub>opt</sub></i> {@code 0X} <i>HexDigits</i>
* <dd><i>Sign<sub>opt</sub></i> {@code #} <i>HexDigits</i>
* <dd><i>Sign<sub>opt</sub></i> {@code 0} <i>OctalDigits</i>
*
* <dt><i>Sign:</i>
* <dd>{@code -}
* <dd>{@code +}
* </dl>
* </blockquote>
*
* <i>DecimalNumeral</i>, <i>HexDigits</i>, and <i>OctalDigits</i>
* are as defined in section 3.10.1 of
* <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>,
* except that underscores are not accepted between digits.
*
* <p>The sequence of characters following an optional
* sign and/or radix specifier ("{@code 0x}", "{@code 0X}",
* "{@code #}", or leading zero) is parsed as by the {@code
* Integer.parseInt} method with the indicated radix (10, 16, or
* 8). This sequence of characters must represent a positive
* value or a {@link NumberFormatException} will be thrown. The
* result is negated if first character of the specified {@code
* String} is the minus sign. No whitespace characters are
* permitted in the {@code String}.
*
* @param nm the {@code String} to decode.
* @return an {@code Integer} object holding the {@code int}
* value represented by {@code nm}
* @exception NumberFormatException if the {@code String} does not
* contain a parsable integer.
* @see java.lang.Integer#parseInt(java.lang.String, int)
*/
public static Integer decode(String nm) throws NumberFormatException {
int radix = 10;
int index = 0;
boolean negative = false;
Integer result;
if (nm.length() == 0)
throw new NumberFormatException("Zero length string");
char firstChar = nm.charAt(0);
// Handle sign, if present
if (firstChar == '-') {
negative = true;
index++;
} else if (firstChar == '+')
index++;
// Handle radix specifier, if present
if (nm.startsWith("0x", index) || nm.startsWith("0X", index)) {
index += 2;
radix = 16;
}
else if (nm.startsWith("#", index)) {
index ++;
radix = 16;
}
else if (nm.startsWith("0", index) && nm.length() > 1 + index) {
index ++;
radix = 8;
}
if (nm.startsWith("-", index) || nm.startsWith("+", index))
throw new NumberFormatException("Sign character in wrong position");
try {
result = Integer.valueOf(nm.substring(index), radix);
result = negative ? Integer.valueOf(-result.intValue()) : result;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// If number is Integer.MIN_VALUE, we'll end up here. The next line
// handles this case, and causes any genuine format error to be
// rethrown.
String constant = negative ? ("-" + nm.substring(index))
: nm.substring(index);
result = Integer.valueOf(constant, radix);
}
return result;
}
decode译解，言外之意，解析String类型的整形数。
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