防止在多模块Maven中找到“未找到插件”

在多模块Maven项目的子模块上定义Maven插件会给我们“找不到插件”错误。 尤其是如果我们有一个多模块项目，并且只想在一个特定模块中应用Maven插件，则此错误会经常发生。

假设我们有一个看起来像这样的多模块root pom。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.jdriven.blog</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-plugin-multimodule</artifactId>
  <version>0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>

  <modules>
    <module>module1</module> <!-- Module1 is a regular jar -->
    <module>module2</module> <!-- Module2 has tomcat7 plugin configured -->
  </modules>
</project>

本能地将插件（例如tomcat7）添加到此特定模块module2 ，就像这样。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <artifactId>maven-plugin-multimodule-module2</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <parent>
    <groupId>com.jdriven.blog</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-plugin-multimodule</artifactId>
    <version>0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <relativePath>../</relativePath>
  </parent>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <!-- This is where our specific configuration goes -->
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

在多模块root pom上运行命令mvn tomcat7:help时，出现以下错误：

[ERROR] No plugin found for prefix 'tomcat7' in the current project 
and in the plugin groups [org.apache.maven.plugins, org.codehaus.mojo] 
available from the repositories

解决方案非常简单：我们在多模块root pom的pluginManagement部分中指定插件。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.jdriven.blog</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-plugin-multimodule</artifactId>
  <version>0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>

  <modules>
    <module>module1</module> <!-- Module1 is a regular jar -->
    <module>module2</module> <!-- Module2 has tomcat7 plugin configured -->
  </modules>

  <build>
    <!-- In the multi-module root pom, use the pluginManagement to define the version of the maven-plugin -->
    <pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>

</project>

并且在我们特定的模块module2我们清除了插件的版本，因为它已在多模块root pom（父代）中定义。

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <artifactId>maven-plugin-multimodule-module2</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <parent>
    <groupId>com.jdriven.blog</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-plugin-multimodule</artifactId>
    <version>0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <relativePath>../</relativePath>
  </parent>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <!-- No version needed here, it is already defined in the multi-module root pom -->
        <configuration>
          <!-- This is where our specific configuration goes -->
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

现在，何时可以运行命令mvn tomcat7:help而不会出现任何错误。 我们准备在子模块上配置插件。

翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2015/03/prevent-no-plugin-found-in-multi-module-maven.html