利用命令别名(alias)减少conda 激活、去激活虚拟环境命令长度

例如服务器上有py3.6.8这个conda虚拟环境，现在需要激活该环境，

使用的激活命令为 source activate py3.6.8 或 conda activate py3.6.8 ，有一个注意事项，见注意，去激活命令为 source deactivate 或conda deactivate命令。

1. 相关配置

不过上述命令比较长，每次都输入这么多，太花时间，所以可以使用如下的alias命令进行设置。

在 ~/.bashrc 或 ~/.zshrc 配置文件中添加上如下语句，即可。我使用的是zsh，所以这里修改 ~/.zshrc

#设置conda环境快捷键 -2019年12月12日21:09:02
#激活conda环境，必须使用先使用source命令，之后使用conda，或者直接source activate version启动
alias activate='foo(){source activate "$1";};foo'
alias act='source activate'
alias deact='conda deactivate'
alias deactivate='conda deactivate'
#added end

设置完成再使用source ~/.zshrc，即可生效。

2. other

1. 上面命令中用到了alias activate='foo(){source activate "$1";};foo'。我理解的是相当于一个函数，暂未深究。

2. 注意：在Linux、Mac下不能一开始就使用 conda activate py3.6.8 命令，否则会出现提示：

   CommandNotFoundError: Your shell has not been properly configured to use 'conda activate'.
   If your shell is Bash or a Bourne variant, enable conda for the current user with
   
       $ echo ". /usr/local/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
   
   or, for all users, enable conda with
   
       $ sudo ln -s /usr/local/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh /etc/profile.d/conda.sh
   
   The options above will permanently enable the 'conda' command, but they do NOT
   put conda's base (root) environment on PATH.  To do so, run
   
       $ conda activate
   
   in your terminal, or to put the base environment on PATH permanently, run
   
       $ echo "conda activate" >> ~/.bashrc
   
   Previous to conda 4.4, the recommended way to activate conda was to modify PATH in
   your ~/.bashrc file.  You should manually remove the line that looks like
   
       export PATH="/usr/local/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
   
   ^^^ The above line should NO LONGER be in your ~/.bashrc file! ^^^
   

   截图更好看：