Spring中@Import的三种情况

 

我们在使用Spring框架中，特别是框架级的功能，经常看到有@Import导入功能，

我就介绍下它能导入什么，首先声明下@Import是注解，导入类型可分为三类：

1.   导入配置 @Configuration，类似于spring早期版本2.5的import xml文件一样，

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
       xsi:schemaLocation="  
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
       ">  
      
    <import resource="cms-validator-service.xml"/>  
    <import resource="cms-validator-dao.xml"/>  
       
</beans>  

 只是现在注解抢了风头，但目的一样，用于使用所有标有@configuration注解的配置。

下面我就写个小例子，怎么建java项目就略了

先建java主包com.spring, 然后分别建子包

com.spring.service,  com.spring.service.impl, com.spring.config, com.spring.test

1.1  建立服务接口

package com.spring.service;

/**
 * 
 * @author dgm
 * @describe "日志服务接口"
 */
public interface LogService {

    void print(String message);
}

1.2  建立服务实现类，分三种情况，控制台、文件和数据库mysql

package com.spring.service.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.spring.service.LogService;

/**
 * @author dgm
 * @describe "日志到控制台"
 */
@Component
public class StdOutLogServiceImpl implements LogService {

	@Override
	public void print(String message) {
        System.out.println(message);
        System.out.println("写日志到控制台！");
	}
}


import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.spring.service.LogService;

/**
 * 
 * @author dgm
 * @describe "日志到文件"
 */
@Component
public class FileLogServiceImpl implements LogService {

	private static final String FILE_NAME="d://LogService.txt";
	@Override
	public void print(String message) {
		try {
			File file = new File(FILE_NAME);
			FileWriter fw = null;
			// true:表示是追加的标志
			fw = new FileWriter(file, true);
			fw.write(message+"\n");
			fw.close();

	        System.out.println(message);
			System.out.println("写日志入文件！");
		} catch (IOException e) {
		}
	}
}


/**
 * @author dgm
 * @describe "写日志入mysql数据库"
 */
@Component
public class MysqlLogServiceImpl implements LogService {

	@Override
	public void print(String message) {
        System.out.println(message);
        System.out.println("写日志入数据库");
	}
}

1.3  写配置类，三个服务实现类对应三个@Configuration

package com.spring.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import com.spring.service.LogService;
import com.spring.service.impl.StdOutLogServiceImpl;

@Configuration
public class StdOutConfig {

	@Bean(name="stdOutLogServiceImpl")
	public LogService stdOutLogServiceImpl(){
		return new StdOutLogServiceImpl();
	}
}


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import com.spring.service.LogService;
import com.spring.service.impl.FileLogServiceImpl;

@Configuration
public class FileLogConfig {

	@Bean(name="fileLogServiceImpl")
	public LogService fileLogServiceImpl(){
		return new FileLogServiceImpl();
	}
}

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import com.spring.service.LogService;
import com.spring.service.impl.MysqlLogServiceImpl;

@Configuration
public class MysqlLogConfig {

	@Bean(name="mysqlLogServiceImpl")
	public LogService mysqlLogServiceImpl(){
		return new MysqlLogServiceImpl();
	}
}

然后@Import注解登场了

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;

@Configuration
@Import({StdOutConfig.class, FileLogConfig.c