Python 对excel数据操作之xlwt模块

Python使用xlwt模块 操作Excel文件

导出Excel文件

    1. 使用xlwt模块 import xlwt

        import xlwt    # 导入xlwt

        # 新建一个excel文件

　　　file = xlwt.Workbook() #注意这里的Workbook首字母是大写，无语吧

 　　 # 新建一个sheet

　　  table = file.add_sheet('sheet name')

        # 写入数据table.write(行,列,value)

　　　table.write(0,0,'test')

        # 如果对一个单元格重复操作，会引发

　　　returns error:

　　　    # Exception: Attempt to overwrite cell:

　　　　 # sheetname=u'sheet 1' rowx=0 colx=0

　　  # 所以在打开时加cell_overwrite_ok=True 解决

　　  table = file.add_sheet('sheet name',cell_overwrite_ok=True )

　　  file.save('demo.xls')  # 保存文件

       另外，使用style

       style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 初始化样式

       font = xlwt.Font() #为样式创建字体

       font.name = 'Times New Roman'

       font.bold = True

       style.font = font #为样式设置字体

       table.write(0, 0, 'some bold Times text', style) # 使用样式

       xlwt 允许单元格或者整行地设置格式。还可以添加链接以及公式。可以阅读源代码，那里有例子：

       dates.py, 展示如何设置不同的数据格式

       hyperlinks.py, 展示如何创建超链接 (hint: you need to use a formula)

       merged.py, 展示如何合并格子

       row_styles.py, 展示如何应用Style到整行格子中.

 

　　 例子一：

             import xlwt
　　　　  wbk = xlwt.Workbook()
　　　　  sheet = wbk.add_sheet('sheet 1')
　　　　  # indexing is zero based, row then column
　　　　  sheet.write(0,1,'test text')
　　　　  sheet.write(1,1,'test text')
　　　　  wbk.save('test2.xls')  默认保存在桌面上

 

先来个简单的例子:

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
# ==============================================================================
#
#       Filename:  demo.py
#    Description:  excel operat
#        Created:  Tue Apr 25 17:10:33 CST 2017
#         Author:  Yur
#
# ==============================================================================

import xlwt
# 创建一个workbook 设置编码
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'utf-8')
# 创建一个worksheet
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet')

# 写入excel
# 参数对应 行, 列, 值
worksheet.write(1,0, label = 'this is test')

# 保存
workbook.save('Excel_test.xls')
  
  
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运行后 会在当前目录生成一个Excel_test.xls

官方例子:

运行这个例子的时候 报错 

自己又写了一个:

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
# ==============================================================================
#
#       Filename:  style.py
#    Description:  style
#        Created:  Thu Apr 27 15:07:53 CST 2017
#         Author:  Yur
#
# ==============================================================================


import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet')
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 初始化样式
font = xlwt.Font() # 为样式创建字体
font.name = 'Times New Roman' 
font.bold = True # 黑体
font.underline = True # 下划线
font.italic = True # 斜体字
style.font = font # 设定样式
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Unformatted value') # 不带样式的写入

worksheet.write(1, 0, 'Formatted value', style) # 带样式的写入

workbook.save('formatting.xls') # 保存文件
  
  
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效果:

设置单元格宽度:

import xlwt

workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0,'My Cell Contents')

# 设置单元格宽度
worksheet.col(0).width = 3333
workbook.save('cell_width.xls')
  
  
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输入一个日期到单元格:

import xlwt
import datetime
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
style = xlwt.XFStyle()
style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY' # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0
worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
  
  
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向单元格添加一个公式:

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5
worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2
worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula('A1*B1')) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2])
worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)')) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2])
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
  
  
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向单元格添加一个超链接:

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")')) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.com
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
  
  
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合并列和行:

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'First Merge') # Merges row 0's columns 0 through 3.
font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font
font.bold = True # Set font to Bold
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style
worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, 'Second Merge', style) # Merges row 1 through 2's columns 0 through 3.
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
  
  
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设置单元格内容的对其方式:

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment
alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED
alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
  
  
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为单元格议添加边框:

# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines.
import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders
borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED 
    DASHED虚线
    NO_LINE没有
    THIN实线

# May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.
borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.left_colour = 0x40
borders.right_colour = 0x40
borders.top_colour = 0x40
borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')
  
  
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为单元格设置背景色:

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern
pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern
style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')