Java 多线程02(线程状态、线程同步)
线程状态
Join合并线程:
等待此线程执行完成后,再执行其他线程,其他线程阻塞。
public class TestJoin implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
System.out.println("VIP线程来插队了" + i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
if (i == 20) {
thread.start();
thread.join();//主线程阻塞,VIP线程优先
}
System.out.println("主线程在运行" + i);
}
}
}
线程状态观测:
查看线程状态:
public class TestState {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread=new Thread(()->{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("");
});
//观察状态
Thread.State state=thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//New
//观察启动后
thread.start();//启动线程
state=thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//Run
while (state!=Thread.State.TERMINATED){//只要线程不终止,就一直输出状态
Thread.sleep(100);
state=thread.getState();//更新线程状态
System.out.println(state);//输出状态
}
}
}
设置线程的优先级:(优先级最高为10,最小为1,不一定会优先运行,需要看CPU的调度)
public class TestPriority {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//主线程默认优先级
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
MyPriority myPriority=new MyPriority();
Thread t1=new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t2=new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t3=new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t4=new Thread(myPriority);
//先设置优先级,再启动
t1.start();
t2.setPriority(1);
t2.start();
t3.setPriority(4);
t3.start();
t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
t4.start();
}
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
}
}
守护(daemon)线程:
线程分为用户线程和守护线程。
虚拟机必须确保用户线程执行完毕,不用等待守护线程执行完毕。如:后台记录操作日志,监控内存,垃圾回收。
用户线程结束之后,虚拟机停止,然后守护线程也随之结束。
Thread thread=new Thread();
thread.setDaemon(true);///true为守护线程。默认是false表示是用户线程。正常的线程都是用户线程
线程同步
并发:同一个对象被多个线程同时操作
synchronized锁的对象就是变化的量,需要增删改的对象
//线程不安全集合 加synchronized
public class UnsafeList {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
new Thread(()->{
synchronized (list){
list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}).start();
}
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(list.size());
}
}
//不加synchronized list长度小于10000,加了synchronized代码块就会等于10000
Thread.sleep(2000);
System.out.println(list.size());
}
}
//不加synchronized list长度小于10000,加了synchronized代码块就会等于10000