Android源码阅读分析：从Activity开始（一）——启动流程

#从Activity开始（一）——启动流程

本文也发布于本人的知乎文章：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/393848606
（注：源代码为android-8.1）
##启动流程
　　通过我们常用的方法调用开始逐步向下探索。
　　
　　通常来说，我们使用的最简单的启动Activity方法是startActivity(Intent intent)，该方法的实现源码为：

(frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Activity.java)

@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
   
	this.startActivity(intent, null);
}

这里调用了同名重载函数startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options)，该方法的源码实现为：

(frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Activity.java)

@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
   
	if (options != null) {
   
		startActivityForResult(intent, -1, options);
	} else {
   
		// Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with
		// applications that may have overridden the method.
		startActivityForResult(intent, -1);
	}
}

从这里我们发现，即使是普通的启动Activity方法，也是调用了startActivityForResult(Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options)方法。其中requestCode < 0时，不会调用onActivityResult()方法。
　　该方法源码实现如下：

(frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Activity.java)

public void startActivityForResult(@RequiresPermission Intent intent, int requestCode, @Nullable Bundle options) {
   
	if (mParent == null) {
   
		options = transferSpringboardActivityOptions(options);
		Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar = mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this, intent, requestCode, options);
		if (ar != null) {
   
			mMainThread.sendActivityResult(mToken, mEmbeddedID, requestCode, ar.getResultCode(), ar.getResultData());
		}
		if (requestCode >= 0) {
   
			mStartedActivity = true;
		}

		cancelInputsAndStartExitTransition(options);
	} else {
   
		if (options != null) {
   
			mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode, options);
		} else {
   
			mParent.startActivityFromChild(this, intent, requestCode);
		}
	}
}

在这个方法中会通过判断mParent是否为空分为两支。该变量只有在Acitivity为内置Activity的时候才不为空，例如TabActivity。在该方法中，关键的操作为mInstrumentation.execStartActivity。可以看出，启动Activity其实是通过Instrumentation类执行的。
　　下面我们看一下execStartActivity方法的实现：

(frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Instrumentation.java)

public ActivityResult execStartActivity(Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target, Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
   
	...
	try {
   
		intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
        intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
        int result = ActivityManager.getService()
			.startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
					intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
					token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
					requestCode, 0, null, options);
        checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
	} catch (RemoteException e) {
   
		throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
	}
	return null;
}

这里我们先追踪一下ActivityManager.getService()方法。

(frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityManager.java)

public static IActivityManager getService() {
   
	return IActivityManagerSingleton.get();
}

private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> IActivityManagerSingleton =
		new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
   
			@Override
			protected IActivityManager create() {
   
				final IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
                final IActivityManager am = IActivityManager.Stub.asInterface(b);
                return am;
			}
		};

这里的意思就是获取了IActivityManager类的一个单例。在创建IActivityManager单例时，首先获取了名为Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE的Service引用，然后通过asInstance方法转换成IActivityManager的对象。

ActivityManagerService继承了IActivityManager.Stub，说明了是ActivityManagerService作为服务端，处理startActivity方法。

(frameworks/base/core/java/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java)

@Override
public final int startActivity(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage, Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWh