ObjC第六节:(2)OC常用类

OC常用类:NSArray、NSDictionary、NSData

1、NSArray

2、NSDictionary

3、NSData

NSArray

NSArray
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "ClassA.h"
#import "ClassB.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
    ClassA * a = [[ClassA alloc] init];
    a.x = 1;
    a.y = 2;
    ClassB * b = [[ClassB alloc] init];
    b.a = 3;
    b.b = 4;
    NSArray * arr = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:a, b, nil];
    //向数组中所有对象发送消息。@selector(方法名),前提是所有对象有这个方法
    [arr makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(print)];
    NSLog(@"%@", arr);
    return 0;
}

数组排序

NSArray（普通的数组排序）
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
    NSString * str1 = @"aa";
    NSNumber * int1 = [NSNumber numberWithInt:11];
    NSString * str2 = @"BB";
    NSArray * arr = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:str1, int1, nil];
    id x1 = [arr objectAtIndex:1];
    long count = [arr count];
    long x2 = [arr indexOfObject:int1];
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@", [arr objectAtIndex:i]);
    }
    for (id object in arr)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@", object);
    }
    NSArray * arr1 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:str1, str2, @"11", nil];
    NSArray * arr2 = [arr1 sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
    NSLog(@"%@", arr2);
    return 0;
}

NSArray 数组排序之自写comparePerson
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "ClassA.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
    ClassA * a1 = [ClassA personWithAge:18 withName:@"aa"];
    ClassA * a2 = [ClassA personWithAge:20 withName:@"aa"];
    ClassA * a3 = [ClassA personWithAge:18 withName:@"bb"];
    ClassA * a4 = [[ClassA alloc] initWithAge:22 withName:@"aa"];
    
    NSArray * arr = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:a1, a2, a3, a4, nil];
    NSArray * sarr  = [arr sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comparePerson:)];

    NSLog(@"%@", sarr);
    
#pragma mark --block语法sortedArrayUsingComparator:
- (NSArray *)sortedArrayUsingComparator:(NSComparator)cmptr
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, NSComparisonResult) {NSOrderedAscending = -1L, NSOrderedSame, NSOrderedDescending};
NSComperator compareStringsBlock = ^(id stringA, id stringB) {
    NSRange rangeS  = NSMakeRange (0, [stringA length]);
    return (stringA compare:stringB options:comparisonOptions range:rangeS locale:currentLocale];};

    NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:a1, a2, a3, a4, nil];
    
    NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2){NSComparisonResult result = [obj1 comparePerson:obj2];return result;}];
    
    NSLog(@"%@",sortedArray);
这里的代码可以参照上面compare:默认的排序方法，也可以把自定义的方法写在这里，给对象排序
    [a4 release];
    return 0;
}

ClassA.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface ClassA : NSObject

@property (nonatomic) int x, y;

- (void) print;

#pragma mark --自写compare

@property (nonatomic)int age;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString * name;

+(id)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name;
-(id)initWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name;
-(NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(ClassA *)person;
-(NSString *) description;

@end

ClassA.m

#import "ClassA.h"

@implementation ClassA

@synthesize x, y;

- (void) print
{
    NSLog(@"%d%d", x, y);
}

#pragma mark --自写comparePerson

@synthesize age, name;

+(id)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name
{
    ClassA *person = [[ClassA alloc] init];
    person.age = age;
    person.name = name;
    return person;
}

-(id)initWithAge:(int)_age withName:(NSString *)_name;
{
    if (self = [super init])
    {
        age = _age;
        name = _name;
    }
    return self;
}

-(NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(ClassA *)person
{
    //默认按年龄排序
    NSComparisonResult result = [[NSNumber numberWithInt:self.age] compare:[NSNumber numberWithInt:person.age]];//注意:基本数据类型要进行数据转换
    //如果年龄一样，就按照名字排序
    if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
        result = [self.name compare:person.name];
    }
    return result;
}

-(NSString *) description
{
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"age:%d, name:%@", age, name];
}

@end

NSArray 数组排序之高级排序（组合类的排序，排序描述器sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:）
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Person.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
    Car * c1 = [Car carWithColor:@"white"];
    Car * c2 = [Car carWithColor:@"black"];
    
    Person * p1 = [Person personWithAge:18 withName:@"aa" withCar:c1];
    Person * p2 = [Person personWithAge:18 withName:@"bb" withCar:c1];
    Person * p3 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@"aa" withCar:c1];
    Person * p4 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@"aa" withCar:c2];
    
    NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1, p2, p3, p4, nil];
    
    //构建排序描述器
    NSSortDescriptor *carColorDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"car.color" ascending:YES];
    NSSortDescriptor *personNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES];
    NSSortDescriptor *personAgeDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:YES];
    
    //把排序描述器放进数组里，放入的顺序就是你想要排序的顺序(age、name、color)
    NSArray *descriptorArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:personAgeDesc,personNameDesc, carColorDesc, nil];
    
    NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors: descriptorArray];
    
    NSLog(@"%@",sortedArray);
    
    return 0;
}

Car

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Car : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString * color;

+(Car *)carWithColor:(NSString *)_color;

@end
#import "Car.h"

@implementation Car

@synthesize color;

+(Car *)carWithColor:(NSString *)_color
{
    Car *car = [[Car alloc] init];
    car.color = _color;
    return car;
}

@end

Person

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Car.h"

@interface Person : NSObject

@property (nonatomic)int age;
@property (nonatomic, retain) NSString * name;
@property (nonatomic, retain) Car * car;

+(id)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car;
-(NSString *) description;

@end
#import "Person.h"

@implementation Person

@synthesize age, name, car;

+(id)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car
{
    Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
    person.age = age;
    person.name = name;
    person.car = car;
    return person;
}

-(NSString *) description
{
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"age:%d, name:%@, color:%@", age, name, car.color];
}

@end

快速遍历

NSArray
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main ()
{
    NSArray * arr = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"a", @"b", @"1", nil];
    NSString * s = [arr objectAtIndex:2];
    long count = [arr count];
    long index = [arr indexOfObject:@"a"];
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@", [arr objectAtIndex:i]);
    }
    for (id obj in arr)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@", obj);
    }
    return 0;
}

NSMutableArray

NSMutableArray
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main ()
{
    NSMutableArray * arr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:5];
    [arr addObject:@"a"];
    [arr insertObject:[NSNull null] atIndex:1];  //超出范围或者加入空指针，会抛出异常
    
    NSMutableArray * arr2 = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"aa", @"bb", nil];
    [arr2 insertObject:@"cc" atIndex:2];  //同样，超出范围或者加入空指针，会抛出异常
    
    bool b = [arr containsObject:@"1"];  //查找XX是否存在
    [arr replaceObjectAtIndex:1 withObject:@"b"];
    [arr removeObjectAtIndex:1];
    //向数组中的所有对象发送消息
    [arr2 makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(description)];  //自己写的类才会调用description？？
    
    NSLog(@"%@, %@", arr, arr2);
    return 0;
}

<pre name="code" class="objc"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:18px;color:#ff6666;">NSDictionary</span></span>

//<pre name="code" class="objc">NSDictionary

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>int main (){ NSDictionary * d1 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"a", @"1", @"b", @"2", nil]; NSMutableDictionary * d2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:d1]; [d2 setObject:@"c" forKey:@"3"]; //[d1 setObject:@"c" forKey:@"3"]; //不可变，不能增加对象 NSString * s = [d1 objectForKey:@"2"]; long c = [d2 count]; NSNumber * n = [NSNumber numberWithLong:c]; [d2 setObject:s forKey:n]; NSArray * a1 = [d1 allKeys]; NSArray * a2 = [d2 allValues]; NSArray * a3 = [d2 keysSortedByValueUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)]; NSLog(@"%@, %@, %@, %@, %@", d1, d2, a1, a2, a3); return 0;}

<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size:18px;color:#ff6666;">NSDictionary的空值</span></span>

<pre name="code" class="objc">#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main(int argc, const char * argv[])
{
    NSDictionary * d = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[NSNull null], @"Tel", nil];
    NSDictionary * dd = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"18300766850", @"Tel", nil];
    id nul = [d objectForKey:@"Tel"];
    if (nul == [NSNull null])
    {
        NSLog(@"没有Telphone");
    }
    else
    {
        NSLog(@"%@", nul);
    }
    return 0;
}