【C++】引用计数器简单示例

//引用计数器  
// 封装一个计数器的类来维护，可以隐藏起来，即用户不必关心是如何实现的  
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class String_Rep
{
	friend class String;
public:
	String_Rep(const char *str = " ") :count(0)
	{
		m_data = new char[strlen(str) + 1];
		strcpy(m_data, str);
	}
	~String_Rep()
	{
		delete[]m_data;
	}
public:
	void increment()
	{
		count++;
	}
	void decrement()
	{
		if (--count == 0)
		{
			delete this;// 哪一个rep的count为0了释放当时的rep  
		}
	}
private:
	char *m_data;
	int count;
};
//

class String
{
public:
	String(const char *str = " ") :rep(new String_Rep(str))
	{
		rep->increment();
	}
	String(const String &s) :rep(s.rep)
	{
		rep->increment();
	}
	String& operator=(const String &s)
	{
		if (this != &s)
		{
			rep->decrement();    // 迭代器  
			rep = s.rep;
			rep->increment();
		}
		return *this;
	}
	~String()
	{
		rep->decrement();
	}
public:
	void print()const
	{
		cout << rep->m_data << endl;
	}
private:
	String_Rep *rep;// 句柄  
};

int main()
{
	String s1("hello");
	String s2;
	s2 = s1;
	String s3("world");
	String s4;
	s4 = s3;
	s1.print();
	s2.print();
	s3.print();
	s4.print();
	return 0;
}