注释转换（C注释风格-C++注释风格）

注释一般来讲有分为两种：
一是单行注释：直接在该行需要注释的地方加上”//”就行
如：// int a=0;
int b=0; //定义一个变量
另外还有一种是多行同时注释(不能嵌套使用)：
如：/*
int a,b;
int c,d;
*/
其中/* 和 */起限定范围的作用，该范围内的语句都会被注释掉，将不再起作用。
当然以上多行注释也是可以用来单行注释的
//int a,b;
//int c,d;
一般来讲我们习惯把‘//’这种注释叫作c++注释，
‘/* */’叫作c语言注释
接下来我们来试着用代码实现一下从c注释到c++注释的转换
图解：

代码实现
commentconvert.h文件

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1

#ifndef __COMMENT_CONVERT_H__
#define __COMMENT_CONVERT_H__

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

enum STATE
{
    NUL_STATE,//无状态
    C_STATE,  //c状态
    CPP_STATE,//c++状态
    END_STATE //结束状态
};
void DoNulState(FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut, enum STATE *s);
void DoCState(FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut, enum STATE *s);
void DoCppState(FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut, enum STATE *s);
void DoComment(FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut);

#endif //__COMMENT_CONVERT_H__

commentconvert.c文件

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"commentconvert.h"
void DoNulState(FILE*pfIn, FILE*pfOut, enum STATE* s)
{
    int first = 0;
    first = fgetc(pfIn);
    switch (first)
    {
    case'/':
    {
               int second;
               second = fgetc(pfIn);
               switch (second)
               {
               case'*':
                   fputc('/', pfOut);
                   fputc('/', pfOut);
                   *s = C_STATE;
                   break;
               case'/':
                   fputc(first, pfOut);
                   fputc(second, pfOut);
                   *s = CPP_STATE;
                   break;
               default:
                   fputc(first, pfOut);
                   fputc(second, pfOut);
                   break;
               }
               break;
    }
    case EOF:
        *s = END_STATE;
        break;
    default:
        fputc(first, pfOut);
        break;
    }
}

void DoCState(FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut, enum STATE *s)
{
    int first = 0;
    first = fgetc(pfIn);
    switch (first)
    {
    case'\n':
        fputc(first, pfOut);
        fputc('/', pfOut);
        fputc('/', pfOut);
        break;
    case'*':
    {
               int second = fgetc(pfIn);
               switch (second)
               {
               case'/':
               {
                          *s = NUL_STATE;
                          int third = fgetc(pfIn);
                          switch (third)
                          {
                          case'\n':
                              fputc(third, pfOut);
                              break;
                          case'/':
                              ungetc(third, pfIn);
                              fputc('\n', pfOut);
                              break;
                          default:
                              fputc('\n', pfOut);
                              fputc(third, pfOut);
                          }
               }
                   break;
               case'*':
                   fputc(second, pfOut);
                   ungetc(second,pfIn);
                   break;
               default:
                   fputc(first, pfOut);
                   fputc(second, pfOut);
                   break;
               }
       break;
    }
    case EOF:
        *s = END_STATE;
        break;
    default:
        fputc(first, pfOut);
        break;  
    }
}
void DoCppState(FILE *pfIn, FILE *pfOut, enum STATE *s)
{
    int first = 0;
    first = fgetc(pfIn);
    switch (first)
    {
    case'\n':
        fputc(first, pfOut);
        *s = NUL_STATE;
        break;
    case EOF:
        *s = END_STATE;
        break;
    default:
        fputc(first, pfOut);
        break;
    }
}
void DoComment(FILE*pfIn, FILE*pfOut, enum STATE* s)
{
    enum STATE state = NUL_STATE;
    while (state != END_STATE)
    {
        switch (state)
        {
        case NUL_STATE:
            DoNulState(pfIn, pfOut, &state);
            break;
        case C_STATE:
            DoCState(pfIn, pfOut, &state);
            break;
        case CPP_STATE:
            DoCppState(pfIn, pfOut, &state);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }
}

test.c文件

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"commentconvert.h"

void test()
{
    FILE *pfIn = NULL;
    FILE *pfOut = NULL;
    pfIn = fopen("test.c1.txt", "r");
    if (pfIn == NULL)
    {
        perror("open file for read.");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    pfOut = fopen("test.c2.txt", "w");
    if (pfOut == NULL)
    {
        perror("open file for write.");
        fclose(pfIn);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    DoComment(pfIn, pfOut);
    fclose(pfIn);
    fclose(pfOut);
}

int main()
{
    test();
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

转换效果图