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- ❤️ 本篇创建时间 2024-02-24❤️
- ❤️ 本篇更新时间 2024-02-24❤️
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1. 前言
博主这里使用到了合宙官方售卖的LCD模块,它的参数是160X80,ST7735驱动。
我们本篇主要就是学习如何用arduino代码驱动这块lcd。并且除了lcd模块以外,这块板子还带了一个小摇杆功能。这里我们重点关注一下引脚连接。
2. 驱动LCD
2.1 安装 Adafruit_ST7735 库
直接在库管理器输入“Adafruit_ST7735
”进行搜索,然后安装红框以内的库。
2.2 ESP32C3上测试LCD是否可用
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_ST7735.h>
// 以下是lcd对应的io引脚
#define TFT_SCLK 2 //SCL
#define TFT_MOSI 3 //SDA
#define TFT_RST 10 //RES
#define TFT_DC 6 //DC
#define TFT_CS 7 //CS
Adafruit_ST7735 tft = Adafruit_ST7735(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_MOSI, TFT_SCLK, TFT_RST);
void setup(void) {
// Use this initializer if using a 1.8" TFT screen:
// tft.initR(INITR_BLACKTAB); // Init ST7735S chip, black tab
// OR use this initializer if using a 1.8" TFT screen with offset such as WaveShare:
// tft.initR(INITR_GREENTAB); // Init ST7735S chip, green tab
// OR use this initializer (uncomment) if using a 1.44" TFT:
//tft.initR(INITR_144GREENTAB); // Init ST7735R chip, green tab
// OR use this initializer (uncomment) if using a 0.96" 160x80 TFT:
//tft.initR(INITR_MINI160x80); // Init ST7735S mini display
// OR use this initializer (uncomment) if using a 0.96" 160x80 TFT with
// plug-in FPC (if you see the display is inverted!)
tft.initR(INITR_MINI160x80_PLUGIN); // Init ST7735S mini display
tft.fillScreen(ST7735_RED);
tft.setTextColor(ST7735_BLUE);
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.setCursor(12,0);
tft.print("Hello");
}
void loop(void) {
}
正常情况下就是这个效果。
2.3 库自带测试案例
/**************************************************************************
This is a library for several Adafruit displays based on ST77* drivers.
Works with the Adafruit 1.8" TFT Breakout w/SD card
----> http://www.adafruit.com/products/358
The 1.8" TFT shield
----> https://www.adafruit.com/product/802
The 1.44" TFT breakout
----> https://www.adafruit.com/product/2088
The 1.14" TFT breakout
----> https://www.adafruit.com/product/4383
The 1.3" TFT breakout
----> https://www.adafruit.com/product/4313
The 1.54" TFT breakout
----> https://www.adafruit.com/product/3787
The 1.69" TFT breakout
----> https://www.adafruit.com/product/5206
The 2.0" TFT breakout
----> https://www.adafruit.com/product/4311
as well as Adafruit raw 1.8" TFT display
----> http://www.adafruit.com/products/618
Check out the links above for our tutorials and wiring diagrams.
These displays use SPI to communicate, 4 or 5 pins are required to
interface (RST is optional).
Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code,
please support Adafruit and open-source hardware by purchasing
products from Adafruit!
Written by Limor Fried/Ladyada for Adafruit Industries.
MIT license, all text above must be included in any redistribution
**************************************************************************/
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h> // Core graphics library
#include <Adafruit_ST7735.h> // Hardware-specific library for ST7735
// 以下是lcd对应的io引脚
#define TFT_SCLK 2 //SCL
#define TFT_MOSI 3 //SDA
#define TFT_RST 10 //RES
#define TFT_DC 6 //DC
#define TFT_CS 7 //CS
// For ST7735-based displays, we will use this call
Adafruit_ST7735 tft = Adafruit_ST7735(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_MOSI, TFT_SCLK, TFT_RST);
float p = 3.1415926;
void setup(void) {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.print(F("Hello! ST77xx TFT Test"));
// Use this initializer if using a 1.8" TFT screen:
// tft.initR(INITR_BLACKTAB); // Init ST7735S chip, black tab
// OR use this initializer if using a 1.8" TFT screen with offset such as WaveShare:
// tft.initR(INITR_GREENTAB); // Init ST7735S chip, green tab
// OR use this initializer (uncomment) if using a 1.44" TFT:
//tft.initR(INITR_144GREENTAB); // Init ST7735R chip, green tab
// OR use this initializer (uncomment) if using a 0.96" 160x80 TFT:
//tft.initR(INITR_MINI160x80); // Init ST7735S mini display
// OR use this initializer (uncomment) if using a 0.96" 160x80 TFT with
// plug-in FPC (if you see the display is inverted!)
tft.initR(INITR_MINI160x80_PLUGIN); // Init ST7735S mini display
// SPI speed defaults to SPI_DEFAULT_FREQ defined in the library, you can override it here
// Note that speed allowable depends on chip and quality of wiring, if you go too fast, you
// may end up with a black screen some times, or all the time.
//tft.setSPISpeed(40000000);
Serial.println(F("Initialized"));
uint16_t time = millis();
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
time = millis() - time;
Serial.println(time, DEC);
delay(500);
// large block of text
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
testdrawtext("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Curabitur adipiscing ante sed nibh tincidunt feugiat. Maecenas enim massa, fringilla sed malesuada et, malesuada sit amet turpis. Sed porttitor neque ut ante pretium vitae malesuada nunc bibendum. Nullam aliquet ultrices massa eu hendrerit. Ut sed nisi lorem. In vestibulum purus a tortor imperdiet posuere. ", ST77XX_WHITE);
delay(1000);
// tft print function!
tftPrintTest();
delay(4000);
// a single pixel
tft.drawPixel(tft.width()/2, tft.height()/2, ST77XX_GREEN);
delay(500);
// line draw test
testlines(ST77XX_YELLOW);
delay(500);
// optimized lines
testfastlines(ST77XX_RED, ST77XX_BLUE);
delay(500);
testdrawrects(ST77XX_GREEN);
delay(500);
testfillrects(ST77XX_YELLOW, ST77XX_MAGENTA);
delay(500);
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
testfillcircles(10, ST77XX_BLUE);
testdrawcircles(10, ST77XX_WHITE);
delay(500);
testroundrects();
delay(500);
testtriangles();
delay(500);
mediabuttons();
delay(500);
Serial.println("done");
delay(1000);
}
void loop() {
tft.invertDisplay(true);
delay(500);
tft.invertDisplay(false);
delay(500);
}
void testlines(uint16_t color) {
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
tft.drawLine(0, 0, x, tft.height()-1, color);
delay(0);
}
for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
tft.drawLine(0, 0, tft.width()-1, y, color);
delay(0);
}
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, 0, x, tft.height()-1, color);
delay(0);
}
for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, 0, 0, y, color);
delay(0);
}
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
tft.drawLine(0, tft.height()-1, x, 0, color);
delay(0);
}
for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
tft.drawLine(0, tft.height()-1, tft.width()-1, y, color);
delay(0);
}
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, tft.height()-1, x, 0, color);
delay(0);
}
for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=6) {
tft.drawLine(tft.width()-1, tft.height()-1, 0, y, color);
delay(0);
}
}
void testdrawtext(char *text, uint16_t color) {
tft.setCursor(0, 0);
tft.setTextColor(color);
tft.setTextWrap(true);
tft.print(text);
}
void testfastlines(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) {
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height(); y+=5) {
tft.drawFastHLine(0, y, tft.width(), color1);
}
for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=5) {
tft.drawFastVLine(x, 0, tft.height(), color2);
}
}
void testdrawrects(uint16_t color) {
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width(); x+=6) {
tft.drawRect(tft.width()/2 -x/2, tft.height()/2 -x/2 , x, x, color);
}
}
void testfillrects(uint16_t color1, uint16_t color2) {
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
for (int16_t x=tft.width()-1; x > 6; x-=6) {
tft.fillRect(tft.width()/2 -x/2, tft.height()/2 -x/2 , x, x, color1);
tft.drawRect(tft.width()/2 -x/2, tft.height()/2 -x/2 , x, x, color2);
}
}
void testfillcircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color) {
for (int16_t x=radius; x < tft.width(); x+=radius*2) {
for (int16_t y=radius; y < tft.height(); y+=radius*2) {
tft.fillCircle(x, y, radius, color);
}
}
}
void testdrawcircles(uint8_t radius, uint16_t color) {
for (int16_t x=0; x < tft.width()+radius; x+=radius*2) {
for (int16_t y=0; y < tft.height()+radius; y+=radius*2) {
tft.drawCircle(x, y, radius, color);
}
}
}
void testtriangles() {
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
uint16_t color = 0xF800;
int t;
int w = tft.width()/2;
int x = tft.height()-1;
int y = 0;
int z = tft.width();
for(t = 0 ; t <= 15; t++) {
tft.drawTriangle(w, y, y, x, z, x, color);
x-=4;
y+=4;
z-=4;
color+=100;
}
}
void testroundrects() {
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
uint16_t color = 100;
int i;
int t;
for(t = 0 ; t <= 4; t+=1) {
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int w = tft.width()-2;
int h = tft.height()-2;
for(i = 0 ; i <= 16; i+=1) {
tft.drawRoundRect(x, y, w, h, 5, color);
x+=2;
y+=3;
w-=4;
h-=6;
color+=1100;
}
color+=100;
}
}
void tftPrintTest() {
tft.setTextWrap(false);
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
tft.setCursor(0, 30);
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_RED);
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.println("Hello World!");
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_YELLOW);
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.println("Hello World!");
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_GREEN);
tft.setTextSize(3);
tft.println("Hello World!");
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_BLUE);
tft.setTextSize(4);
tft.print(1234.567);
delay(1500);
tft.setCursor(0, 0);
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_WHITE);
tft.setTextSize(0);
tft.println("Hello World!");
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_GREEN);
tft.print(p, 6);
tft.println(" Want pi?");
tft.println(" ");
tft.print(8675309, HEX); // print 8,675,309 out in HEX!
tft.println(" Print HEX!");
tft.println(" ");
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_WHITE);
tft.println("Sketch has been");
tft.println("running for: ");
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_MAGENTA);
tft.print(millis() / 1000);
tft.setTextColor(ST77XX_WHITE);
tft.print(" seconds.");
}
void mediabuttons() {
// play
tft.fillScreen(ST77XX_BLACK);
tft.fillRoundRect(25, 10, 78, 60, 8, ST77XX_WHITE);
tft.fillTriangle(42, 20, 42, 60, 90, 40, ST77XX_RED);
delay(500);
// pause
tft.fillRoundRect(25, 90, 78, 60, 8, ST77XX_WHITE);
tft.fillRoundRect(39, 98, 20, 45, 5, ST77XX_GREEN);
tft.fillRoundRect(69, 98, 20, 45, 5, ST77XX_GREEN);
delay(500);
// play color
tft.fillTriangle(42, 20, 42, 60, 90, 40, ST77XX_BLUE);
delay(50);
// pause color
tft.fillRoundRect(39, 98, 20, 45, 5, ST77XX_RED);
tft.fillRoundRect(69, 98, 20, 45, 5, ST77XX_RED);
// play color
tft.fillTriangle(42, 20, 42, 60, 90, 40, ST77XX_GREEN);
}
正常情况下,会出现多个测试图片。
3. 驱动摇杆
五轴方向键包括左,上,中心,下,右
可以使用以下代码进行测试。
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_ST7735.h>
#define TFT_SCLK 2 //SCL
#define TFT_MOSI 3 //SDA
#define TFT_RST 10 //RES
#define TFT_DC 6 //DC
#define TFT_CS 7 //CS
// 按键引脚
#define BUTTON_LEFT 5
#define BUTTON_UP 8
#define BUTTON_CENTER 4
#define BUTTON_DOWN 13
#define BUTTON_RIGHT 9
Adafruit_ST7735 tft = Adafruit_ST7735(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_MOSI, TFT_SCLK, TFT_RST);
int scroll_delay = 100; // 滚动速度,单位毫秒
void setup(void) {
// 初始化左上中下右按键,并且设置为上拉
pinMode(BUTTON_LEFT, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(BUTTON_UP, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(BUTTON_CENTER, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(BUTTON_DOWN, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(BUTTON_RIGHT, INPUT_PULLUP);
Serial.begin(9600);
tft.initR(INITR_MINI160x80_PLUGIN);
tft.setRotation(3); // 竖屏显示
tft.fillScreen(ST7735_RED);
tft.setTextColor(ST7735_YELLOW);
tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.setCursor(24,0);
tft.print("Hello");
Serial.print("Begin");
//delay(100);
}
void testpinlcd()
{
tft.setTextSize(1); // 设置文本大小为1
tft.fillScreen(ST7735_RED);
tft.setCursor(0, 24);
tft.setTextColor(ST7735_WHITE);
tft.setTextSize(1);
tft.println("Button Status:");
tft.print("LEFT_BUTTON: ");
tft.println(digitalRead(BUTTON_LEFT));
tft.print("UP_BUTTON: ");
tft.println(digitalRead(BUTTON_UP));
tft.print("CENTER_BUTTON: ");
tft.println(digitalRead(BUTTON_CENTER));
tft.print("DOWN_BUTTON: ");
tft.println(digitalRead(BUTTON_DOWN));
tft.print("RIGHT_BUTTON: ");
tft.println(digitalRead(BUTTON_RIGHT));
delay(100);
}
void loop(void) {
testpinlcd();
}
正常测试效果: