ubuntu server 16.04的安装 以及配置网络还有ssh服务

由于记性不好所以，所以记录一下自己的安装经验

服务器是 dell T420

安装过程中规中矩，其中最关键的是分区部分，由于是服务器，如果磁盘比较大的话，一定要用 uefi + gpt

其次最好是多分一些区，将home 以及一些目录独立出来 实现程序与数据分离

安装完以后需要配置静态的ip

首先一、查看网络配置状态

ifconfig -a

二、配置dhcp客户端

修改:/etc/network/interface文件

auto lo

iface lo inet loop back

三、配置静态ip

sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet static
address 10.131.252.160
netmask 255.255.254.0
broadcast 10.131.253.255
gateway 10.131.252.1
dns-nameservers 202.120.224.26

auto eno1
iface eno1 inet6 auto

四、配置生效

重启一下网络即可

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

也可以重启网卡：

sudo ifdown eth0

sudo ifup eht0

如果从远端登录的，执行ifdown eth0则会中断连接的。

ping一下网关，通的话说明没有问题

之后便需要安装openssh

首先是apt-get update

不行的话需要更换源

vi /etc/apt/source.list

清华大学源（教育网）

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

阿里云源

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

之后我们就可以安装了   apt-get install openssh-server

打开"终端窗口"，输入"sudo ps -e |grep ssh"-->回车-->有sshd,说明ssh服务已经启动，如果没有启动，输入"sudo service ssh start"-->回车-->ssh服务就会启动。

打开"终端窗口"，输入"sudo gedit /etc/ssh/sshd_config"-->回车-->把配置文件中的"PermitRootLogin without-password"加一个"#"号,把它注释掉-->再增加一句"PermitRootLogin yes"-->保存，修改成功。