ubuntu 10.10 源码安装 nginx php mysql

http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?t=319886
鄙人初学乍练，写的不好，大家原谅～今天泡了下午论坛，没找到MYSQL的合适的安装配置教程，只好自己去看官方文档了，着实花了时间，
下列是我的操作过程，写出来，希望对大家能有点帮助。

下载地址，http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
选择源码下载:source code
文件：mysql-5.5.9.tar.gz
下载后在下载目录
$ sudo tar zxvf mysql-5.5.9.tar.gz
查看文件夹下INSTALL-SOURCE文件，里面有各个系统的编译安装方式（英文）
注意，安装前应当注意安装工具的完善，否则编译的时候将出错，本帖稍后的部分给出了工具列表。这里先给出安装命令。
linux下源码的安装方式如下：

# 安装前配置
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql

# 开始源码编译安装
shell> tar zxvf mysql-VERSION.tar.gz
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> cmake .
shell> make
shell> make install
# 结束编译安装

# 初始化，下列命令使mysql得到对数据库文件的拥有权。mysql_install_db脚本能刷新授权表
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data
# 可选命令，配置文件位置更改，且内有五种配置模式。
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
# 可选命令，自启动脚本，可以mysql自动启动。
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

会遇到的问题：
----------------------------------------------------------
-- MySQL 5.5.9
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:82 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu , package name is libncurses5-dev,on RedHat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:126 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:216 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
CMakeLists.txt:256 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)
----------------------------------------------------------
如回显所示，ubuntu下安装libncurses5-dev；redhat下安装ncurses-devel，并删除当前目录CMakeCache.txt(必须删除，否则报错依旧)并重新运行：
$ cmake .
命令
----------------------------------------------------------
-- Performing Test HAVE_PEERCRED
-- Performing Test HAVE_PEERCRED - Success
Warning: Bison executable not found in PATH
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/user/downloads/mysql-5.5.9
----------------------------------------------------------
一个警告总算不爽，如回显所见，安装bison。
$ sudo apt-get install bison
----------------------------------------------------------
这是两个比较多的问题。



问题总结：
后来查看了官方的文档，编译安装的时候工具必须要有下列5个。
=>安装工具：
1. cmake
----没有自己编译安装cmake
----shell:~$ sudo apt-get install cmake
----版本：2.8.2
2.GNU make
----Ubuntu自带
----版本：3.81
3.GCC
----Ubuntu自带
----版本：4.4.5(官方文档：必须3.2以上）
4.Perl
----Ubuntu自带
----版本：5.10.1
5.libncurses5-dev (ncurses-devel)
----若差了这个包，在cmake的时候会报错。
----Debian/Ubuntu上的包名是libncurses5-dev，RedHat和其他版本对应的是ncurses-devel
----shell:~$ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev




开启mysql：
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
当然你用root命令开启的时候，应当使用--user参数，这样才是安全的启动方式。
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

为root和你的用户名设置密码，这需要在你先启动mysql的基础上，否则会报错，说你没有连接到端口：
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h YourusernamE password 'new-password'
也可一用下命令替代：
./bin/mysql_secure_installation


2、编译安装php-fpm

#相关代码, [四号程序员] http://www.coder4.com
#下载
wget http://us.php.net/distributions/php-5.3.6.tar.bz2
tar -xjvf php-5.3.6.tar.bz2
cd php-5.3.6
 
#相关库
sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libpng12-dev libmcrypt-dev
 
#configure
'./configure' '--prefix=/usr/local/php' '--with-config-file-path=/etc/php' '--disable-cli' '--enable-fpm' '--with-fpm-user=www' '--with-fpm-group=www' '--with-zlib' '--with-curl' '--with-gd' '--with-mhash' '--enable-mbstring' '--with-mcrypt' '--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config' '--enable-pdo' '--enable-soap' '--enable-sockets' '--with-xmlrpc' '--enable-zip' '--with-pear'
 
#make
make
 
提示出错
/usr/local/mysql/include/mysql/my_sys.h:964:27: error: mysql/psi/psi.h: No such file or directory
/usr/local/mysql/include/mysql/m_string.h:219:26: error: mysql/plugin.h: No such file or directory
/usr/local/mysql/include/plugin.h:51:28: 错误：mysql/services.h：没有那个文件或目录
/usr/local/mysql/include/services.h:21:39: 错误：mysql/service_my_snprintf.h：没有那个文件或目录
/usr/local/mysql/include/services.h:22:37: 错误：mysql/service_thd_alloc.h：没有那个文件或目录
/usr/local/mysql/include/services.h:23:36: 错误：mysql/service_thd_wait.h：没有那个文件或目录
/usr/local/mysql/include/services.h:24:44: 错误：mysql/service_thread_scheduler.h：没有那个文件或目录
#修复MySQL的BUG
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/* /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql
vi /usr/local/mysql/include/my_sys.h
找到
 #include <mysql/psi/psi.h>
修改为
 #include <psi/psi.h>
 
vi /usr/local/mysql/include/m_string.h
找到
 #include < mysql/plugin.h>
修改为
 #include <plugin.h>
vi /usr/local/mysql/include/plugin.h
找到
 #include <mysql/services.h>
修改为
 #include <services.h>

出现以下错误：
ext/gd/libgd/.libs/gdkanji.o: In function `do_convert':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/gd/libgd/gdkanji.c:350: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/gd/libgd/gdkanji.c:365: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/gd/libgd/gdkanji.c:381: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_strlen':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:603: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:626: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:660: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_string':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:441: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:453: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:467: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:478: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_strpos':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:851: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:879: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:993: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_appendl':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:348: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:385: undefined reference to `libiconv'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_substr':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:723: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:747: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:802: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:806: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:755: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_mime_decode':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1354: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1465: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1468: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1823: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1826: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_dtor':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2465: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `_php_iconv_mime_encode':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1043: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1057: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1316: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1319: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1176: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1128: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1160: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1319: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1228: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1259: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:1303: undefined reference to `libiconv'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_append_bucket':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2615: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2615: undefined reference to `libiconv'
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o:/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2537: more undefined references to `libiconv' follow
ext/iconv/.libs/iconv.o: In function `php_iconv_stream_filter_ctor':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/iconv/iconv.c:2491: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/.libs/encodings.o: In function `convert':
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:73: undefined reference to `libiconv_open'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:81: undefined reference to `libiconv'
/root/php-5.2.12/ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/encodings.c:101: undefined reference to `libiconv_close'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sapi/cli/php] ?.. 1

解决方法：
[root@server3 ~]$ vim Makefile
找到下面这行：
EXTRA_LIBS = -lcrypt   在最后添加-liconv,保存后再make通过，再make install通过。
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EXTRA_LIBS = -lcrypt -lz -lcrypt -lrt -lmysqlclient -lmhash -lmcrypt -lltdl -lldap -llber -lfreetype -lpng -lz -lj
peg -lcurl -lz -lrt -lresolv -lm -ldl -lnsl -lrt -lxml2 -lz -lm -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -lz -lcurl -ldl -lgssapi_krb5
-lkrb5 -lk5crypto -lcom_err -lidn -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lxml2 -lz -lm -lmysqlclient -lz -lcrypt -lnsl -lm -lxml2 -lz
 -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lcrypt -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lcrypt -liconv
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
make clean
make

#install
sudo make install
 
#user
cd /usr/local/php
useradd www
sudo chown -R www:www ./
 
#拷贝php配置
sudo mkdir -p /etc/php
sudo cp php.ini-production /etc/php/php.ini
 
#配置
sudo vim ./etc/php-fpm.conf
rlimit_files = 1048576
pm.max_children = 10
pm.start_servers = 4
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_requests = 100
 
#运行
./sbin/php-fpm
 
#添加到开机启动
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /usr/bin/
vim /etc/rc.local
#start php-fpm at start
echo 134217728 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
php-fpm
 
#安装APC
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/APC-3.1.6.tgz
tar -xzvf APC-3.1.6.tgz
cd APC-3.1.6
sudo apt-get install autoconf
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
sudo make install
#编辑
vim /etc/sysconfig/php/php.ini
#修改并添加
extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626"
extension=apc.so
[apc]
apc.enabled = 1
apc.shm_segments = 2
apc.shm_size = 48M

3、编译安装nginx

#下载
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz
tar -xzvf nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz
 
#安装相关包
sudo apt-get install libpcre3-dev libmhash-dev
 

#nginx http push module

http://pushmodule.slact.net/downloads/nginx_http_push_module-0.692.tar.gz

#nginx chunkin module

https://github.com/agentzh/chunkin-nginx-module/zipball/v0.21

#configure
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --add-module=/home/lost/packet/agentzh-chunkin-nginx-module --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=/home/lost/packet/nginx_http_push_module-0.692
#make
make
#install
sudo make install
cd /usr/local/nginx
sudo chown -R www:www .
 
#配置nginx.conf
sudo vim conf/nginx.conf
#如下
user www www;
worker_processes  2;
 
error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log;
pid        /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
 
worker_rlimit_nofile 1048576;
 
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections  65535;
}
 
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
 
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
 
    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush     on;
 
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  60;
 
    #gzip
    gzip  on;
    gzip_min_length  1k;
    gzip_buffers        4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.0;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_types  text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
    gzip_vary on;
 
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  node11.coder4.com;
        root /usr/local/nginx/html;
        access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/node11.coder4.com.access.log  main;
 
        location / {
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }
 
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        error_page  404              /404.html;
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
 
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        location ~ /.php$ {
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
 
        #deny htaccess
        location ~ //.ht {
            deny  all;
        }
 
        #ip
        location ~ .*/.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$ {
            expires      30d;
            access_log   off;
        }
    }
}
 
#配置fastcgi_params
sudo vim conf/fastcgi_params
#添加一行
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;