Linux基础（3）

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-11 10:51:42 发布

ElijahYang

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-11 10:51:42 发布

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分类专栏： Linxu nginx 文章标签： nginx linux web服务

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dragonyangang/article/details/72614530

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Linux 基础操作

一、nginx服务、nfs服务
这里写图片描述

作业：

集群搭建：
1、部署nginx反向代理三个web服务，调度算法使用加权轮询

首先安装nginx，通过yum进行源码安装
yum install epel-release -y
yum install nginx -y
这里写图片描述

关闭虚拟机克隆3台虚拟机用作提供web服务的主机，反向代理主机与其余三台web服务主机ip地址分别为：192.168.3.15、192.168.3.17、192.168.3.18、192.168.3.19

编辑反向代理主机配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

输入命令: systemctl start nginx启动所有主机nginx服务,并在网页上输入代理服务主机的uri地址http://192.168.3.15访问nginx服务，会根据加权的权重进行负载访问
这里写图片描述

集群搭建-2、所有web服务使用共享存储nfs，保证所有web都对其有读写权限，保证数据一致性

在反向代理主机上安装nfs服务软件，执行命令yum install rpcbind nfs-utils -y ，由于nfs是通过rpc进行通信的，所以web服务主机也要安装rpc服务
这里写图片描述
在nfs服务器端建立共享目录/share，修改nfs服务器端的配置文件/etc/exports，输入:/share 192.168.3.0/24(rw,sync,fsid=0)

启动rpc与nfs服务，并将其设置为开机自动启动

服务正常启动后，输入showmount -e查看nfs服务器端共享目录的状态，同时也要在客户机端输入showmount -e 192.168.3.15查看服务器端共享目录的状态
这里写图片描述
客户机端将共享目录进行挂载，并对共享目录/share增加其他人用户对其可写的权限

输入命令showmount -a 查看nfs客户端挂载状态

网页中输入nfs服务端uri地址http://192.168.3.16进行访问(由于虚机出现问题，nfs服务端ip地址变为192.168.3.16)
初次部署完成后一直报403错误，经过艳龙老师一番排错之后最终原因是因为没有关闭SELinux导致，关闭后正常。
这里写图片描述

同时也科普下有SELinux的信息，参考网址：
http://www.toxingwang.com/management/security/1011.html

开发脚本自动部署及监控-1、编写脚本自动部署反向代理、web、nfs

auto-deploy-server.sh

#!/bin/bash
# description: Deploy nginx as HTTP load balancer & NFS Server
# version: 0.0.1
# author: Elijah
# date: 2017.05.18 

function auto_deploy_server(){
# First-install nginx service
    echo 'Starting install epel-release,please wait...'
    yum install epel-release -y
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install epel-release Successful,starting install nginx,please wait...'
    elif [ $? -ne 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install epel-release Fail,please check manually...'                   
            exit
    fi
    yum install nginx -y
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install nginx Successful,starting install nfs service,please wait...'
    elif [ $? -ne 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install nginx Fail,please check manually...'
            exit 
    fi

# Second-install nfs service
    yum install rpcbind nfs-utils -y
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]
        then
            echo 'Install nfs Successful,please wait...'
    elif [ $? -ne 0 ]
        then
            echo 'Install nfs Fail,please check manually...'
            exit
    fi

# Third-setting nfs service
    echo 'Install Finish,starting setting nfs service...'
    msg="\    upstream my_test{\n\tserver 192.168.3.17;\n\tserver 192.168.3.18;\n\tserver 192.168.3.19;\n    }"
    sed -ri "/^http.*/a $msg" /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    sed -ri "/^ *location \/ \    {$/a proxy_pass http://my_test\;" /etc/nginx/nginx.conf  
    systemctl enable nginx
    systemctl start nginx
    status=`systemctl status nginx |awk 'NR==3{print $2}'`
    if [ "$status" == "active" ]
        then
            echo 'Setting Successful! nginx service is active!'
    else
        echo 'Setting Failed!,please check manually...'
        exit
    fi

# Forth-creat share directory & starting nfs service
    mkdir -p /share
    chmod -R o+w /share
    echo "/share  192.168.3.0/24(rw,sync,fsid=0) " > /etc/exports
    systemctl enable rpcbind.service
    systemctl enable nfs-server.service
    systemctl start rpcbind.service
    systemctl start nfs-server.service
    status=`systemctl status nfs-server |awk 'NR==3{print $2}'`
    if [ "$status" == "active" ]
        then
            echo 'Setting Successful! nfs-server service is active!'
    else
        echo 'Setting Failed!,please check manually...'
        exit
    fi
    echo 'Auto deploy finished!'

}   

auto_deploy_server &>> /tmp/autodeploy_monitor.log

auto-deploy-client.sh

#!/bin/bash
# description: Deploy nginx as HTTP load balancer & NFS Server
# version: 0.0.1
# author: Elijah
# date: 2017.05.18 

function auto_deploy_client(){
# First-install nginx service
    echo 'Starting install epel-release,please wait...'
    yum install epel-release -y
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install epel-release Successful,starting install nginx,please wait...'
    elif [ $? -ne 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install epel-release Fail,please check manually...'                   
            exit
    fi
    yum install nginx -y
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install nginx Successful,starting install nfs service,please wait...'
    elif [ $? -ne 0 ]
        then 
            echo 'Install nginx Fail,please check manually...'
            exit 
    fi

# Second-install nfs service
    yum install rpcbind nfs-utils -y
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]
        then
            echo 'Install nfs Successful,please wait...'
    elif [ $? -ne 0 ]
        then
            echo 'Install nfs Fail,please check manually...'
            exit
    fi

# Third-setting nfs client

    systemctl enable nginx
    systemctl enable rpcbind.service
    systemctl enable nfs-server.service
    systemctl start nginx
    systemctl start rpcbind.service
    systemctl start nfs-server.service
    mount -t nfs 192.168.3.16:/share /usr/share/nginx/html/
    echo 'Auto deploy finished!'

}   

auto_deploy_client &>> /tmp/autodeploy_monitor.log

开发脚本自动部署及监控-2、编写监控脚本，监控集群被所有服务存活状态，内存、磁盘剩余率检测，异常则发送报警邮件

servermonitor.sh

#!/bin/bash
# description: server monitor
# version: 0.0.1
# author: Elijah
# date: 2017.05.18

#df | grep -v fs | awk "NR==$x{print $1}"

#安装bc软甲
function install_bc(){
    rpm -qa |grep '^bc.*$' >> /dev/null
    if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; 
        then
            yum install bc -y
    fi
}

#监控内存
function monitor_mem(){
    limit_mem=30 
    total_mem=`free |awk 'NR==2{print $2}'`
    avail_mem=`free |awk 'NR==2{print $7}'`
    per_mem=`echo "scale=2;$avail_mem/$total_mem" |bc -l |cut -d. -f2`
    if [ "$per_mem" -gt "$limit_mem" ]
        then 
            msg="TIME:$(date +%F_%T)
                 HOSTNAME:$(hostname)
                 IPADDR:$(ifconfig |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
                 MSG:ATTENTION!!! Memory usage exceeds the limit,current value is ${per_mem}%"    
            echo $msg
            /usr/bin/mail $msg
    fi
}

#监控磁盘
function monitor_disk(){
    disk='/dev/mapper/cl-root' 
    inode_limit=0 
    space_limit=10 
    inode_use=`df -i $disk |awk 'NR==2{print $5}'|cut -d% -f1`
    space_use=`df $disk |awk 'NR==2{print $5}'|cut -d% -f1`
    if [ "$inode_use" -gt "$inode_limit" ]
        then
            msg="TIME:$(date +%F_%T)
                 HOSTNAME:$(hostname)
                 IPADDR:$(ifconfig |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
                 MSG:ATTRNTION!!! Disk inode usage exceeds the limit,current value is ${inode_use}%"
            echo $msg
            /usr/bin/mail $msg
    fi

    if [ "$space_use" -gt "$space_limit" ]
        then
            msg="TIME:$(date +%F_%T)
                 HOSTNAME:$(hostname)
                 IPADDR:$(ifconfig |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
                 MSG:ATTRNTION!!! Disk space usage exceeds the limit,current value is ${space_use}%"
            echo $msg
            /usr/bin/mail $msg
    fi

}

#监控nginx服务
function monitor_nginx(){
    status_active=active
    status_nginx=`systemctl status nginx |awk 'NR==3{print $2}'`
    if [ "$status_nginx" != "$status_active" ]
        then
            msg="TIME:$(date +%F_%T)
                 HOSTNAME:$(hostname)
                 IPADDR:$(ifconfig |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
                 MSG:ATTRNTION!!! The nginx service is now ${status_nginx}!!"
            echo $msg
            /usr/bin/mail $msg
            systemctl restart nginx
    fi
}

#监控nfs服务
function monitor_nfs(){ 
ps aux | grep nfs| grep -v grep &>/dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
    msg="TIME:$(date +%F_%T)
         HOSTNAME:$(hostname)
         IPADDR:$(/usr/sbin/ifconfig |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
         MSG:NFS program is crash, Waiting to restart"
    echo $msg
    /usr/bin/my_mail $msg
    systemctl restart nfs
fi
}

install_bc &>> /tmp/monitor.log
monitor_mem &>> /tmp/monitor.log
monitor_disk &>> /tmp/monitor.log
monitor_nginx &>> /tmp/monitor.log

开发脚本自动部署及监控-3、编写计划任务，定时运行监控脚本，完成监控操作

设置定时任务，每半小时执行一次脚本，写法如下：
crontab -e
/30 * * * /tmp/servermonitor.sh
查看计划任务日志：
tail -f /var/log/cron

二、网络相关配置、SSH服务、Bash命令及优先级
这里写图片描述

ElijahYang

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Linux基础（3）

Linux 基础操作一、nginx服务、nfs服务作业：集群搭建： 1、部署nginx反向代理三个web服务，调度算法使用加权轮询首先安装nginx，通过yum进行源码安装 yum install epel-release -y yum install nginx -y 关闭虚拟机克隆3台虚拟机用作提供web服务的主机，
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