地址:http://blog.csdn.net/centralperk/article/details/8538697
注意:
RSA加密明文最大长度117字节,解密要求密文最大长度为128字节,所以在加密和解密的过程中需要分块进行。
RSA加密对明文的长度是有限制的,如果加密数据过大会抛出如下异常:
- Exception in thread "main" javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Data must not be longer than 117 bytes
- at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.a(DashoA13*..)
- at com.sun.crypto.provider.RSACipher.engineDoFinal(DashoA13*..)
- at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(DashoA13*..)
RSAUtils.java
- package security;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.security.Key;
- import java.security.KeyFactory;
- import java.security.KeyPair;
- import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
- import java.security.PrivateKey;
- import java.security.PublicKey;
- import java.security.Signature;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
- import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * RSA公钥/私钥/签名工具包
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * 罗纳德·李维斯特(Ron [R]ivest)、阿迪·萨莫尔(Adi [S]hamir)和伦纳德·阿德曼(Leonard [A]dleman)
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * 字符串格式的密钥在未在特殊说明情况下都为BASE64编码格式<br/>
- * 由于非对称加密速度极其缓慢,一般文件不使用它来加密而是使用对称加密,<br/>
- * 非对称加密算法可以用来对对称加密的密钥加密,这样保证密钥的安全也就保证了数据的安全
- * </p>
- *
- * @author IceWee
- * @date 2012-4-26
- * @version 1.0
- */
- public class RSAUtils {
- /** *//**
- * 加密算法RSA
- */
- public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
- /** *//**
- * 签名算法
- */
- public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";
- /** *//**
- * 获取公钥的key
- */
- private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";
- /** *//**
- * 获取私钥的key
- */
- private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";
- /** *//**
- * RSA最大加密明文大小
- */
- private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;
- /** *//**
- * RSA最大解密密文大小
- */
- private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 生成密钥对(公钥和私钥)
- * </p>
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception {
- KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
- KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
- RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
- RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
- Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
- keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
- keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
- return keyMap;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 已加密数据
- * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- PrivateKey privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
- signature.initSign(privateK);
- signature.update(data);
- return Base64Utils.encode(signature.sign());
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 校验数字签名
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 已加密数据
- * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
- * @param sign 数字签名
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- *
- */
- public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
- X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- PublicKey publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
- signature.initVerify(publicK);
- signature.update(data);
- return signature.verify(Base64Utils.decode(sign));
- }
- /** *//**
- * <P>
- * 私钥解密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
- * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK);
- int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段解密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return decryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 公钥解密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
- * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] encryptedData, String publicKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
- X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicK);
- int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段解密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return decryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 公钥加密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 源数据
- * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
- X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK);
- int inputLen = data.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段加密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return encryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 私钥加密
- * </p>
- *
- * @param data 源数据
- * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String privateKey)
- throws Exception {
- byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateK);
- int inputLen = data.length;
- ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- int offSet = 0;
- byte[] cache;
- int i = 0;
- // 对数据分段加密
- while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
- if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
- } else {
- cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
- }
- out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
- i++;
- offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
- }
- byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
- out.close();
- return encryptedData;
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 获取私钥
- * </p>
- *
- * @param keyMap 密钥对
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
- return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
- }
- /** *//**
- * <p>
- * 获取公钥
- * </p>
- *
- * @param keyMap 密钥对
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
- return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
- }
- }