Validate a JAXB Object Model With an XML Schema

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 19:30:00 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 19:30:00 发布
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分类专栏： service 文章标签： jaxb schema xml object validation exception
n this post I will demonstrate how to validate a JAXB object model against an XML schema.  This will be done using the javax.xml.validation APIs.

Background Information

In JAXB 1.0 there was the concept of a Validator. This Validator could be used to determine if when marshalled a graph of objects would produce valid XML. Since JAXB 1.0 had standard interfaces backed by vendor specific implementation classes it was easy for vendors to code generate the necessary validation logic. When JAXB 2.0 moved to annotated POJO classes the ability to have generated validation logic was lost and Validator was deprecated. In this post I'll demonstrate how to leverage the j avax.xml.validation APIs to get the same sort of behaviour.

Java Model

The following object model will be used for this example.  Notice how the model classes do not contain any validation specific information.

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package blog.validation;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
 
@XmlRootElement
public class Customer {
 
     private String name;
 
     private List<PhoneNumber> phoneNumbers;
 
     public Customer() {
         phoneNumbers = new ArrayList<PhoneNumber>();
     }
 
     public String getName() {
         return name;
     }
 
     public void setName(String name) {
         this .name = name;
     }
 
     @XmlElement (name= "phone-number" )
     public List<PhoneNumber> getPhoneNumbers() {
         return phoneNumbers;
     }
 
     public void setPhoneNumbers(List<PhoneNumber> phoneNumbers) {
         this .phoneNumbers = phoneNumbers;
     }
 
}

?
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package blog.validation;
 
public class PhoneNumber {
 
}

XML Schema

The following is our XML schema.  The following are the interesting constraints:
  • The customer's name cannot be longer than 5 characters.
  • The customer cannot have more than 2 phone numbers.
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< xs:schema xmlns:xs = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" >
 
     < xs:element name = "customer" >
         
         < xs:complexType >
             < xs:sequence >
                 < xs:element name = "name" type = "stringMaxSize5" />
                 < xs:element ref = "phone-number" maxOccurs = "2" />
              </ xs:sequence >
         </ xs:complexType >
     </ xs:element >
 
     < xs:element name = "phone-number" >
         < xs:complexType />
     </ xs:element >
 
     < xs:simpleType name = "stringMaxSize5" >
         < xs:restriction base = "xs:string" >
             < xs:maxLength value = "5" />
         </ xs:restriction >
     </ xs:simpleType >
 
</ xs:schema >

Demo Code

In this example we will create an instance of Customer that would produce an XML document that does not conform to our XML schema.  The customers name will be too long, and it will contain more than two phone numbers.

A Validator will be created from the customer XML Schema.  This Validator can accept different types of XML inputs.  We will leverage JAXBSource (which implements javax.xml.transform.Source ) to expose our JAXB object model as an XML input to the Validator.

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package blog.validation;
 
import java.io.File;
 
import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.util.JAXBSource;
import javax.xml.validation.Schema;
import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
import javax.xml.validation.Validator;
 
public class Demo {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         Customer customer = new Customer();
         customer.setName( "Jane Doe" );
         customer.getPhoneNumbers().add( new PhoneNumber());
         customer.getPhoneNumbers().add( new PhoneNumber());
         customer.getPhoneNumbers().add( new PhoneNumber());
 
         JAXBContext jc = JAXBContext.newInstance(Customer. class );
         JAXBSource source = new JAXBSource(jc, customer);
 
         SchemaFactory sf = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);
         Schema schema = sf.newSchema( new File( "customer.xsd" ));
 
         Validator validator = schema.newValidator();
         validator.setErrorHandler( new MyErrorHandler());
         validator.validate(source);
     }
 
}

An ErrorHandler provides a mechanism to capture the validation exceptions.  If you re-throw the exception then parsing stops, and if you swallow the exception parsing continues.  This provides a useful mechanism to ignore validation constraints.

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package blog.validation;
 
import org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;
 
public class MyErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {
 
     public void warning(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {
         System.out.println( "\nWARNING" );
         exception.printStackTrace();
     }
 
     public void error(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {
         System.out.println( "\nERROR" );
         exception.printStackTrace();
     }
 
     public void fatalError(SAXParseException exception) throws SAXException {
         System.out.println( "\nFATAL ERROR" );
         exception.printStackTrace();
     }
 
}

Output

The following output is produced when EclipseLink MOXy is used as the JAXB implementation.

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ERROR
org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-maxLength-valid: Value 'Jane Doe' with length = '8' is not facet-valid with respect to maxLength '5' for type 'stringWithMaxSize5' .
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java: 195 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java: 131 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java: 384 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java: 318 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator$XSIErrorReporter.reportError(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 417 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.reportSchemaError(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3181 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.elementLocallyValidType(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3096 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.processElementContent(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3006 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleEndElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 2149 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.endElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 817 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.endElement(ValidatorHandlerImpl.java: 563 )
  at org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.endElement(XMLFilterImpl.java: 546 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.record.ContentHandlerRecord.endElement(ContentHandlerRecord.java: 235 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XPathNode.marshal(XPathNode.java: 315 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.TreeObjectBuilder.buildRow(TreeObjectBuilder.java: 325 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 934 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 648 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 608 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.JAXBMarshaller.marshal(JAXBMarshaller.java: 233 )
  at javax.xml.bind.util.JAXBSource$ 1 .parse(JAXBSource.java: 222 )
  at javax.xml.bind.util.JAXBSource$ 1 .parse(JAXBSource.java: 210 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.validate(ValidatorHandlerImpl.java: 697 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorImpl.validate(ValidatorImpl.java: 97 )
  at javax.xml.validation.Validator.validate(Validator.java: 127 )
  at blog.validation.Demo.main(Demo.java: 29 )
 
ERROR
org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-type. 3.1 . 3 : The value 'Jane Doe' of element 'name' is not valid.
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java: 195 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java: 131 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java: 384 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java: 318 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator$XSIErrorReporter.reportError(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 417 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.reportSchemaError(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3181 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.elementLocallyValidType(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3097 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.processElementContent(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3006 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleEndElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 2149 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.endElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 817 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.endElement(ValidatorHandlerImpl.java: 563 )
  at org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.endElement(XMLFilterImpl.java: 546 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.record.ContentHandlerRecord.endElement(ContentHandlerRecord.java: 235 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.XPathNode.marshal(XPathNode.java: 315 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.internal.oxm.TreeObjectBuilder.buildRow(TreeObjectBuilder.java: 325 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 934 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 648 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 608 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.JAXBMarshaller.marshal(JAXBMarshaller.java: 233 )
  at javax.xml.bind.util.JAXBSource$ 1 .parse(JAXBSource.java: 222 )
  at javax.xml.bind.util.JAXBSource$ 1 .parse(JAXBSource.java: 210 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.validate(ValidatorHandlerImpl.java: 697 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorImpl.validate(ValidatorImpl.java: 97 )
  at javax.xml.validation.Validator.validate(Validator.java: 127 )
  at blog.validation.Demo.main(Demo.java: 29 )
 
ERROR
org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type. 2.4 .d: Invalid content was found starting with element 'customer' . No child element '{phone-number}' is expected at this point.
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java: 195 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java: 131 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java: 384 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java: 318 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator$XSIErrorReporter.reportError(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 417 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.reportSchemaError(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3181 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.elementLocallyValidComplexType(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3168 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.elementLocallyValidType(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3104 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.processElementContent(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 3006 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleEndElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 2149 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.endElement(XMLSchemaValidator.java: 817 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.endElement(ValidatorHandlerImpl.java: 563 )
  at org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl.endElement(XMLFilterImpl.java: 546 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.record.ContentHandlerRecord.endElement(ContentHandlerRecord.java: 235 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 961 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 648 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.oxm.XMLMarshaller.marshal(XMLMarshaller.java: 608 )
  at org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.JAXBMarshaller.marshal(JAXBMarshaller.java: 233 )
  at javax.xml.bind.util.JAXBSource$ 1 .parse(JAXBSource.java: 222 )
  at javax.xml.bind.util.JAXBSource$ 1 .parse(JAXBSource.java: 210 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.validate(ValidatorHandlerImpl.java: 697 )
  at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.validation.ValidatorImpl.validate(ValidatorImpl.java: 97 )
  at javax.xml.validation.Validator.validate(Validator.java: 127 )
  at blog.validation.Demo.main(Demo.java: 29 )

Summary

This example demonstrates the benefit of standards.  JAXB was not written specifically to work with javax.xml.validation APIs, but since it can be exposed as a javax.xml.transform.Source (using JAXBSource) it does.   In future posts I write more about schema validation, and other uses for JAXBSource.

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