第五章:矩阵和向量范数
P98
1范数,2范数,无穷范数,F范数的求法,条件数。
谱半径和收敛矩阵的条件。
A − 1 = A ∗ ∣ A ∣ A^{-1}=\frac{A^*}{|A|} A−1=∣A∣A∗,或者使用初等变换。
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设 A = ( 1 1.01 1 1 ) , A=\left(\begin{array}{cc}1 & 1.01 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right), A=(111.011), 则 cond ( A ) ∞ = \operatorname{cond}(A)_{\infty}= cond(A)∞=
c o n d ( A ) ∞ = ∣ ∣ A ∣ ∣ ∞ ∗ ∣ ∣ A − 1 ∣ ∣ ∞ cond(A)_{\infty}=||A||_{\infty}*||A^{-1}||_{\infty} cond(A)∞=∣∣A∣∣∞∗∣∣A−1∣∣∞.
A A A的列和范数, m a x ( 2 , 2.01 ) = 2.01 , ∣ ∣ A ∣ ∣ ∞ = 2.01 max(2,2.01)=2.01,||A||_{\infty}=2.01 max(2,2.01)=2.01,∣∣A∣∣∞=2.01
( 1 1.01 1 1 ) ( − 1 ) = ( − 100 101 100 − 100 ) \left( \begin{array} { c c } { 1 } & { 1.01 } \\ { 1 } & { 1 } \end{array} \right) ^ { ( - 1 ) } = \left( \begin{array} { c c } { - 100 } & { 101 } \\ { 100 } & { - 100 } \end{array} \right) (111.011)(−1)=(−100100101−100).
A − 1 A^{-1} A−1的列和范数, m a x ( 200 , 201 ) = 201 , ∣ ∣ A − 1 ∣ ∣ ∞ = 201 max(200,201)=201,||A^{-1}||_{\infty}=201 max(200,201)=201,∣∣A−1∣∣∞=201
答案是:404.01
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已知 A = ( 1 1 / 2 1 / 2 1 / 3 ) , A=\left(\begin{array}{cc}1 & 1/2 \\ 1/2 & 1/3\end{array}\right), A=(11/21/21/3), 则 cond ( A ) 1 = 27 \operatorname{cond}(A)_{1}=27 cond(A)1=27,
求: cond ( A ) ∞ = \operatorname{cond}(A)_{\infty}= cond(A)∞=, cond ( A ) 2 = \operatorname{cond}(A)_{2}= cond(A)2=, cond ( A ) F = \operatorname{cond}(A)_{F}= cond(A)F=.