APPLIES TO:
Linux OS - Version Oracle Linux 5.0 and laterLinux x86-64
Linux x86
GOAL
在Linux中,有时设备或文件系统的名称不是持久的,这将使系统陷入trouble,在这种情况下,指定UUID(通用唯一标识符)是识别系统中唯一组件的唯一解决方案。
SOLUTION
1. 设备 uuid
In OL5.x:
35000c50032387713
In OL6.x:
3600144f0da627ad70000503ad6ce0006
Or:
P: /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0/host0/target0:2:0/0:2:0:0/block/sda
N: sda
W: 99
S: block/8:0
S: disk/by-id/scsi-364403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04
S: disk/by-path/pci-0000:01:00.0-scsi-0:2:0:0
S: disk/by-id/wwn-0x64403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04
E: UDEV_LOG=3
E: DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0/host0/target0:2:0/0:2:0:0/block/sda
E: MAJOR=8
E: MINOR=0
E: DEVNAME=/dev/sda
E: DEVTYPE=disk
E: SUBSYSTEM=block
E: MPATH_SBIN_PATH=/sbin
E: ID_SCSI=1
E: ID_VENDOR=LSI
E: ID_VENDOR_ENC=LSI
E: ID_MODEL=MRSASRoMB-4i
E: ID_MODEL_ENC=MRSASRoMB-4i
E: ID_REVISION=2.12
E: ID_TYPE=disk
E: ID_SERIAL_RAW=364403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04
E: ID_SERIAL=364403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04
E: ID_SERIAL_SHORT=64403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04
E: ID_WWN=0x64403a78570b2000
E: ID_WWN_VENDOR_EXTENSION=0x18ac2cd20575ec04
E: ID_WWN_WITH_EXTENSION=0x64403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04
E: ID_SCSI_SERIAL=0004ec7505d22cac1800200b57783a40
E: ID_BUS=scsi
E: ID_PATH=pci-0000:01:00.0-scsi-0:2:0:0
E: ID_PART_TABLE_TYPE=dos
E: LVM_SBIN_PATH=/sbin
E: DEVLINKS=/dev/block/8:0 /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-364403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04 /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:01:00.0-scsi-0:2:0:0 /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x64403a78570b200018ac2cd20575ec04
For multipath devices:
# multipath -ll -v
360080e500024a048000004044f3c64ee dm-0 SUN,LCSM100_F
size=95G features='1 queue_if_no_path' hwhandler='1 rdac' wp=rw
|-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=6 status=active
| `- 7:0:0:0 sdb 8:16 active ready running
`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=enabled
`- 8:0:0:0 sdk 8:160 active ghost running
注意:设备uuid是固定值,dm-mp设备的uuid应该与其路径的uuid相同。 在大多数情况下不能修改,除非设备支持动态uuid功能。
Usage:
设备uuid通常用于持久化设备名称或dm-mpath名称,下面的示例将名称为oraasm1的wwid持久地绑定。
multipath {
wwid 36006048caf0b141598afa8e2875797a1
alias oraasm1
}
注意:分区(例如sda1或sdb1)没有uuid.
2. File system uuid
In OL5.x:
/dev/sda1: LABEL="/boot1" UUID="ae298adb-1b94-42a0-9dc9-a121c7561a5b" TYPE="ext3" SEC_TYPE="ext2"
# /lib/udev/vol_id /dev/sda1
ID_FS_USAGE=filesystem
ID_FS_TYPE=ext3
ID_FS_VERSION=1.0
ID_FS_UUID=ae298adb-1b94-42a0-9dc9-a121c7561a5b
ID_FS_LABEL=/boot1
ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE=boot1
Note: /dev/sdxx 必须格式化为文件系统
Usage:
应在/ etc / fstab中指定uuid以永久绑定具有挂载目录的设备。
注意: 文件系统的UUID在重新被创建(格式化)的时候会被修改
3. LVM2 uuid
# pvs -v
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree DevSize PV UUID
/dev/sda2 vg0 lvm2 a-- 48.81G 0 48.83G xCJzmN-oJmL-kMFl-JCrb-lfoH-movY-6x6K6O
/dev/sda3 vg0 lvm2 a-- 48.81G 0 48.83G 9iXmmM-kKqV-OYDb-eSVN-ymCw-wwVk-uY6fXo
# lvs
LV VG #Seg Attr LSize Maj Min KMaj KMin Origin Snap% Move Copy% Log Convert LV UUID
lvroot vg0 3 -wi-ao 146.44G -1 -1 253 0 C0l0R2-KhH8-N7Nk-BhXn-MJhS-35dn-XXdL1B
lvasmlib vg1 1 -wi-a- 4.88G -1 -1 253 6 5nlcKy-1kvs-l7qb-eIts-tEs6-E2JG-RisWDx
# vgs -v
VG Attr Ext #PV #LV #SN VSize VFree VG UUID
vg0 wz--n- 32.00M 3 1 0 146.44G 0 ereADB-2w9v-O2P9-58OS-RN9Q-t2pV-8wXpSc
vg1 wz--n- 4.00M 3 3 0 139.71G 9.95G LczKdV-Nq82-lNrr-EmI1-cerd-numb-1qV6m4
Usage:
在某些情况下,需要恢复一些pv设备,请使用pvcreate命令的--uuid和--restorefile参数来恢复物理卷。 以下命令是使用备份的元数据恢复物理卷标签。
Physical volume "/dev/sda2" successfully created
Note: lvm2 uuid 在被重新创建之后将会被改变