Java 连接数据库的JDBC

jdbc 是一个接口，各个数据库供应商要实现这个接口，这样我们才能访问到数据库的数据。

下面一个例子简单说明java访问数据的步骤:

package com.ctrip.jdbc;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
public class jdbcDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
// 1 注册jdbc 驱动程序
DriverManager.registerDriver(new Driver());
// 2 打开数据库链接
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "root", null);
System.out.println(conn.getClass().getName());
// 3 sql 查询对象查询
Statement statm = conn.createStatement();
// 4 获取查询结果集
ResultSet rs = statm.executeQuery("select * from users");
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println(rs.getObject("id"));
System.out.println(rs.getObject("name"));
System.out.println(rs.getObject("password"));
System.out.println(rs.getObject("email"));
System.out.println(rs.getObject("birthday"));
System.out.println("----------------------");
}
// 5 释放资源
conn.close();
statm.close();
rs.close();
}
}

通过上面可以抽取出java的访问数据库的工具类

package com.ctrip.util;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Dictionary;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Properties;


import com.mysql.jdbc.ResultSet;


public class jdbcUtil {
private static String driver;
private static String url;
private static String user;
private static String password;
static {
InputStream in = jdbcUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(
"db.properties");
Properties prop = new Properties();
try {
prop.load(in);
driver = prop.getProperty("driver");
url = prop.getProperty("url");
user = prop.getProperty("user");
password = prop.getProperty("password");
Class.forName(driver);


} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
}
}
public static int NoQuery(String sql) {
try {
Connection conn = getConnection();
Statement stat = conn.createStatement();
int count = stat.executeUpdate(sql);
release(null, stat, conn);
return count;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();


return 0;
}


}


public static ResultSet Query(String sql) {
try {
Connection conn = getConnection();
Statement stat = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = (ResultSet) stat.executeQuery(sql);
release(null, stat, conn);
return rs;
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();


return null;
}


}


/**
* 获取链接器
* 
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, null);
return conn;
}


/**
* 释放资源
* 
* @param rs
* @param stmt
* @param conn
*/
public static void release(ResultSet rs, Statement stmt, Connection conn) {
if (rs != null) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}