package.json的dependencies和devDependencies依赖包中前缀^符号和~符号的区别

package.json：

{
  "name": "vue-cli4",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "serve": "vue-cli-service serve --mode development",
    "build": "vue-cli-service build",
    "build-echart": "vue-cli-service build --target lib ./src/util/plugins/perms/index.js --dest dist --name custom-perms",
    "lint": "vue-cli-service lint",
    "report": "vue-cli-service build --report"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "core-js": "^3.6.5",
    "element-ui": "^2.13.2",
    "custom-line-echart": "^1.0.5",
    "custom-perms": "^1.0.2",
    "echarts": "^4.9.0",
    "vue": "^2.6.11",
    "vue-router": "^3.2.0",
    "vuex": "^3.4.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@vue/cli-plugin-babel": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-plugin-eslint": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-plugin-router": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-plugin-vuex": "~4.5.0",
    "@vue/cli-service": "~4.5.0",
    "babel-eslint": "^10.1.0",
    "babel-plugin-component": "^1.1.1",
    "eslint": "^6.7.2",
    "eslint-plugin-vue": "^6.2.2",
    "less": "^3.0.4",
    "less-loader": "^5.0.0",
    "vue-template-compiler": "^2.6.11",
    "vue2-ace-editor": "^0.0.15"
  }
}

在package.json里面dependencies和devDependencies依赖包的版本号前面的符号有两种，一种是~，一种是^。

• ~的意思是匹配最近的小版本，比如~1.0.2将会匹配所有的1.0.x版本，但不匹配1.1.0；
• ^的意思是匹配最近的一个大版本，比如1.0.2 将会匹配所有 1.x.x，但不包括2.x.x。