达梦数据库备份恢复学习

1、脱机备份保证数据库在脱机状态：[dmdba@localhost bin]$ cd /etc/init.d/[dmdba@localhost init.d]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER stopStopping DmServiceDMSERVER: [ OK ]

在bin目录下执行，发现报错[root@localhost bin]# ./dmrmandmrman V8RMAN> backup database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ full backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’; backup database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ full backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’; Database mode = 0, oguid = 0EP[0]'s cur_lsn[62562]Processing backupset /dm8/back/db2.bak [Percent:0.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00][-7169]:bakres 与 DMAP 消息通信失败

重新启动 AP 服务后恢复正常

backup database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ full backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;file dm.key not found, use default license!Database mode = 0, oguid = 0Normal of FASTNormal of DEFAULTNormal of RECYCLENormal of KEEPNormal of ROLLEP[0]'s cur_lsn[29150], file_lsn[29150]Processing backupset /dm8/back/db2.bak[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]backup successfully!time used: 00:00:01.0652、开始dmrman还原[root@localhost ~]# cd /dm8/bin[root@localhost bin]# ./dmrmandmrman V8RMAN> restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;出现报错restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/backup/db2.bak’;file dm.key not found, use default license![Percent:0.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:01][Remaining:00:00:00][-10001]:[错误码:-127]无效的备份集目录[/dm8/backup/db2.bak]RMAN> restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;[Percent:0.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]Normal of FASTNormal of DEFAULTNormal of RECYCLENormal of KEEPNormal of ROLL[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:02][Remaining:00:00:00][-8024]:数据文件读写出错检查数据文件权限后发现是数据文件的用户不对，换为dmdba[root@localhost DAMENG]# pwd/dm8/data/DAMENG[root@localhost DAMENG]# ls -lthr总用量 2.2Gdrwxr-xr-x 2 dmdba dinstall 4.0K 5月 24 22:19 bak-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 481 5月 24 22:19 sqllog.ini-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 931 5月 24 22:19 dminit20210524221928.logdrwxr-xr-x 2 dmdba dinstall 4.0K 5月 24 22:19 trace-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 12 5月 24 22:19 rep_conflict.log-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 50K 5月 24 23:10 dm.ini-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 303 5月 24 23:10 dmarch.ini-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 633 5月 24 23:41 dm_service.prikey-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 10M 5月 25 00:04 TEMP.DBF-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 23M 5月 25 00:47 SYSTEM.DBF-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 128M 5月 25 00:47 ROLL.DBF-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 128M 5月 25 00:47 MAIN.DBF-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 128M 5月 25 00:47 TBS01.dbf-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 128M 5月 25 00:47 TBS02.dbf-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 128M 5月 25 00:47 HRDB.dbfdrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K 5月 25 00:47 HMAIN-rw-r–r-- 1 dmdba dinstall 7.0K 5月 25 00:47 dm.ctldrwxr-xr-x 2 dmdba dinstall 4.0K 5月 25 00:47 ctl_bak-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 500M 5月 25 00:47 DAMENG01.log-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 500M 5月 25 00:47 DAMENG02.log-rw-r–r-- 1 root root 500M 5月 25 00:47 DAMENG03.log[root@localhost DAMENG]# chown -R dmdba:dinstall *再次执行恢复操作发现还是报相同错误，部分文件的用户和用户组又变成了root然后突然想到自己是通过root用户启动的dmrman,于是换成dmdba用户启动：[root@localhost bin]# su dmdba[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./dmrmandmrman V8RMAN> restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;restore database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;[Percent:0.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]Normal of FASTNormal of DEFAULTNormal of RECYCLENormal of KEEPNormal of ROLL[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:00][Remaining:00:00:00]restore successfully.time used: 470.516(ms)换成dmdba用户后就能成功执行了，继续恢复：RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/dm8/back/db2.bak’;Database mode = 0, oguid = 0Normal of FASTNormal of DEFAULTNormal of RECYCLENormal of KEEPNormal of ROLLEP[0]'s cur_lsn[25375], file_lsn[25375]EP:0 total 0 pkgs applied, percent: 0%EP:0 total 16 pkgs applied, percent: 10%EP:0 total 32 pkgs applied, percent: 21%EP:0 total 48 pkgs applied, percent: 31%EP:0 total 64 pkgs applied, percent: 42%EP:0 total 80 pkgs applied, percent: 52%EP:0 total 96 pkgs applied, percent: 63%EP:0 total 112 pkgs applied, percent: 73%EP:0 total 128 pkgs applied, percent: 84%EP:0 total 144 pkgs applied, percent: 94%EP:0 total 152 pkgs applied, percent: 100%recover successfully!time used: 406.437(ms)

更新数据库魔数：RMAN> recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ update db_magic;recover database ‘/dm8/data/DAMENG/dm.ini’ update db_magic;Database mode = 0, oguid = 0Normal of FASTNormal of DEFAULTNormal of RECYCLENormal of KEEPNormal of ROLLEP[0]'s cur_lsn[27678], file_lsn[27678]recover successfully!time used: 00:00:01.087RMAN>3、启动数据库服务，连接数据库[dmdba@localhost bin]$ cd /etc/init.d/[dmdba@localhost init.d]$ ./DmServiceDMSERVER startStarting DmServiceDMSERVER: [ OK ][dmdba@localhost init.d]$ cd /dm8/bin[dmdba@localhost bin]$ ./disql SYSDBA/dameng123服务器[LOCALHOST:5236]:处于普通打开状态登录使用时间 : 2.764(ms)disql V8SQL>注：还原时，还有一种情况也会报‘[-8024]:数据文件读写出错’，就是备份文件损坏，这个可以通过查看备份文件的MD5值来查看复制过来的备份文件是否发生改变，若备份文件错误，只能重新备份————————————————