WinPcap发送接收裸包（一）

需求：在windows平台上实现和硬件的通信，环境局域网，实时性要求比较高。

设计：优先考虑在数据链路层进行数据的处理，采用自定义裸包的方式肯定是最好的，速度效率最高了。

首先想到的是socket，TCP或者UDP，不过这个都是传输层的协议了，不考虑。还有一种是用raw socket实现，但是也不够好，它只能到网络层。最终选择了winpcap。

下面就将使用winpcap实现数据裸包的发送接收的方法进行分享：

裸包的结构如下：以太网帧头+自定义数据

以太网帧头定义如下：

typedef struct eth_header
{
	unsigned char DestMac[6];	//dest MAC
	unsigned char SrcMac[6];
	unsigned short Etype;	//类型
}eth_header;

代码如下：

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pcap.h> 

#define ETHERTYPE_IP            0x0800          /* IP */  

typedef struct eth_header
{
	unsigned char DestMac[6];
	unsigned char SrcMac[6];
	unsigned short Etype;
}eth_header;

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	pcap_t *fp;
	char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
	int i;
	eth_header m_ethHeader;
	char strMessage[]={"hello world!"};
	int index;
	char SendBuffer[1024];
	
	/* Check the validity of the command line */
	if (argc != 2)
	{
		printf("usage: %s interface", argv[0]);
		return 1;
	}
    
	/* Open the adapter */
	if ((fp = pcap_open_live(argv[1],		// name of the device
							 65536,			// portion of the packet to capture. It doesn't matter in this case 
							 1,				// promiscuous mode (nonzero means promiscuous)
							 1000,			// read timeout
							 errbuf			// error buffer
							 )) == NULL)
	{
		fprintf(stderr,"\nUnable to open the adapter. %s is not supported by WinPcap\n", argv[1]);
		return 2;
	}

	/* Supposing to be on ethernet, set mac destination to 1:1:1:1:1:1 */
	//填充网卡报头
	m_ethHeader.DestMac[0]=0x00;
	m_ethHeader.DestMac[1]=0x1e;
	m_ethHeader.DestMac[2]=0x4f;
	m_ethHeader.DestMac[3]=0xb7;
	m_ethHeader.DestMac[4]=0x50;
	m_ethHeader.DestMac[5]=0x94;

	//28:d2:44:28:74:f9
	m_ethHeader.SrcMac[0]=0x28;
	m_ethHeader.SrcMac[1]=0xd2;
	m_ethHeader.SrcMac[2]=0x44;
	m_ethHeader.SrcMac[3]=0x28;
	m_ethHeader.SrcMac[4]=0x74;
	m_ethHeader.SrcMac[5]=0xf9;

	m_ethHeader.Etype=ETHERTYPE_IP;
        //拷贝数据到发送字符中
	memcpy(SendBuffer,&m_ethHeader,sizeof(m_ethHeader));
	index=sizeof(m_ethHeader);
	memcpy(&SendBuffer[index],strMessage,sizeof(strMessage));
	index+=sizeof(strMessage);

	/* Send down the packet */
	for(i=0;i<10;i++)
	{
		if (pcap_sendpacket(fp,	// Adapter
			SendBuffer,				// buffer with the packet
			index					// size
			) != 0)
		{
			fprintf(stderr,"\nError sending the packet: %s\n", pcap_geterr(fp));
			return 3;
		}
	    printf("send successed!\n");
		Sleep(1000);
	}

	pcap_close(fp);	
	return 0;
}