android: Preferences DataStore 和 Proto DataStore use guide

replace SharedPreferences by DataStore<Preferences> with kotlin

in Datastore Doc, it provide two way to use DataStore<Preferences>,

user can use kotlin or java language to implement it. But in fact, use java to implement it will be very different.
Maybe you can use Rxjava to simplify it, but in fact, use Rxjava to implement it is also not easy.
use kotlin will very simple to implement it? yes. and it’s ONLY ONE WAY to use it by kotlin.

steps

1. init DataStore<Preferences> object:

   private val Context.dataStore: DataStore<Preferences> by preferencesDataStore(name = "settings")
   private val switchStateKey = booleanPreferencesKey("toggle")
   

2. get value from defined key:

       dataStore.data.map {
           it[switchStateKey] ?: false
       }.asLiveData().observe(this) {
           Log.d(TAG, "getToggleSwitchState: $it")
           binding.preferenceSwitch.isChecked = it
       }
   

3. set value to defined key:

   isChecked = !isChecked
   lifecycleScope.launch {
       val key = switchStateKey
       dataStore.edit { preferences ->
           preferences[key] = isChecked
       }
   }
   

it’s all of use DataStore<Preferences> replace SharedPreferences.

use Proto DataStore

steps:

1. define xx.proto file (path: [module]/src/main/proto/xxx.proto)

   syntax = "proto3";
   
   option java_package = "com.example.application";
   option java_multiple_files = true;
   
   message ProtoCounter {
      int32 example_counter = 1;
   }
   

2. define proto datastore struct

   object SettingsSerializer : Serializer<ProtoCounter> {
      override val defaultValue: ProtoCounter = ProtoCounter.getDefaultInstance()
   
       override suspend fun readFrom(input: InputStream): ProtoCounter {
           try {
               return ProtoCounter.parseFrom(input)
           } catch (exception: InvalidProtocolBufferException) {
               throw CorruptionException("Cannot read proto.", exception)
           }
       }
      
       override suspend fun writeTo(
           t: ProtoCounter,
           output: OutputStream
       ) = t.writeTo(output)
   }
   

3. init proto datastore object

      val Context.settingsDataStore: DataStore<ProtoCounter> by dataStore(
           fileName = "settings.pb",
           serializer = SettingsSerializer
      )
   

4. set value to proto datastore

        binding.protoCounter.setOnClickListener {
            lifecycleScope.launch {
                settingsDataStore.updateData { currentSettings ->
                    currentSettings.toBuilder()
                        .setExampleCounter(currentSettings.exampleCounter + 1)
                        .build()
                }
            }
        }
   

5. get value from proto datastore

        settingsDataStore.data
            .map { settings ->
                // The exampleCounter property is generated from the proto schema.
                settings.exampleCounter
            }.asLiveData().observe(this) {
                it?.let {
                    binding.protoCounter.text = getString(R.string.proto_counter_text, it)
                }
            }
   

it’s all of use Proto DataStore.

can not use a chinese input method, so …