认识shiro安全框架

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-01 06:09:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-01 06:09:37 发布

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文章标签： shiro 数据库 mybatis java spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/duguboxia/article/details/105096914

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认识shiro

什么是shiro?

Apache shiro 是一个java的安全（权限）框架

shiro可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用，不仅可以在javaSE，还可以在javaEE环境
作用：可以完成认证，授权，加密，会话管理，web集成，缓存
下载地址：http://shiro.apache.org

您可以使用Apache Shiro进行以下操作：

验证用户身份以验证其身份
对用户执行访问控制，例如：
**确定是否为用户分配了特定的安全角色
**确定是否允许用户做某事
即使在没有Web或EJB容器的情况下，也可以在任何环境中使用Session API。
在身份验证，访问控制或会话的生存期内对事件做出反应。
汇总1个或更多用户安全数据的数据源，并将其全部显示为单个复合用户“视图”。
启用单点登录（SSO）功能
启用“记住我”服务以进行用户关联，而无需登录
…
等等-所有这些都集成到一个紧密结合的易于使用的API中。
Shiro尝试在所有应用程序环境中实现这些目标-从最简单的命令行应用程序到最大的企业应用程序，而不必强加对其他第三者框架，容器或应用程序服务器的依赖。当然，该项目旨在尽可能地将其集成到这些环境中，但是它可以在任何环境中直接使用。

Apache shiro的功能

在这里插入图片描述
身份验证：有时称为“登录”，这是证明用户就是他们所说的身份的行为。

授权：访问控制的过程，即确定“谁”有权访问“什么”。

会话管理：即使在非Web或EJB应用程序中，也可以管理用户特定的会话。

密码术：使用密码算法保持数据安全，同时仍然易于使用

shiro架构

在这里插入图片描述
您的第一个Apache Shiro应用程序
准备工作：
建立maven项目：
1.在pom.xml中导入依赖
2.创建shiro.ini文件
3.创建Quickstart文件
4.创建log4j.properties

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- configure logging -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.21</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


/**
 * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
 *
 * @since 0.9 RC2
 */
public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
   		SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        //获取当前的用户对象:
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // 通过当前的用户拿到session值
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

          // 判断当前用户是否被认证
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
         //token  令牌
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true);//设置记住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);//执行登录操作
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {//账户锁定
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //注销
        currentUser.logout();
		//结束
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n

# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN

# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN

# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO

# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

最后运行Quickstart文件
在这里插入图片描述
Quickstart文件中：掌握具体的方法是用来干什么的

springboot整合shiro环境搭建

1.添加spring-shiro整合依赖包

<dependency>
<!--     shiro核心有三大对象
    1.Subject 用户
    2.securityManager 管理所有用户
    3.Realm 连接数据源
            shiro-spring-->
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.1</version>
        </dependency>

自定义realm 需要继承AuthorizingRealm 类

//自定义的UserRealm 需要继承 AuthorizingRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    //授权
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授权  doGetAuthorizationInfo ");
        return null;
    }
    //认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("认证 doGetAuthenticationInfo");
        return null;
    }
}

3.shiro环境配置

package wu.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //ShiroFilterFactoryBean（第三步）
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //关联第二步的manager
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(getDefaultWebSecurityManager());
        return factoryBean;
    }

    //DefaultWebSecurityManager（第二步）
    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(){
       DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager=new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
       //关联第一步的realm
        securityManager.setRealm(userRealm());
       return  securityManager;
    }

    //Realm 创建realm对象 需要自定义(第一步)
    @Bean
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }
}

环境搭建成功

shiro实现登录拦截

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //ShiroFilterFactoryBean（第三步）
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //关联第二步的manager
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(getDefaultWebSecurityManager());

        //添加shiro的内置过滤器
        /*
        * anon 无需认证即可访问
        * authc 必须认证才能访问
        * User 必须拥有 记住我 功能才能访问
        *perms 拥有对某一个资源的权限才能访问
        *role 拥有某一个角色权限才能访问
        * */
        //登录拦截
        Map<String, String> filterMap =new LinkedHashMap<>();
//        filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
//        filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
        filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        //设置登录请求
        factoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        return factoryBean;
    }

    //DefaultWebSecurityManager（第二步）
    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(){
       DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager=new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
       //关联第一步的realm
        securityManager.setRealm(userRealm());
       return  securityManager;
    }

    //Realm 创建realm对象 需要自定义(第一步)
    @Bean
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }
}

添加测试页面：登录页面，添加用户页面，更新用户页面

shiro实现认证

对于shiro来说，一般是先执行认证后执行授权
shiro认证：
1.添加依赖：
mysql驱动，druid数据源，thymeleaf,web,shiro-spring,mybatis-springboot

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
<!--            shiro-spring-->
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.1</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        druid数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.20</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        mybatis-springboot-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <!--            mysql驱动-->
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.37</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

2.配置yml相关属性以及数据库连接

spring:
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
#数据连接
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: root
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    #    调用type 使用数据连接池
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

    #Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的，需要自己绑定
    #druid 数据源专有配置
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true

    #配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控统计、log4j：日志记录、wall：防御sql注入
    #如果允许时报错  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
    #则导入 log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址： https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: wu.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

3.创建mvc相关目录
pojo,mapper,service,controller,等等
在这里插入图片描述
4.用户认证

  //认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken Token) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("认证 doGetAuthenticationInfo");
        //伪造数据
        /*String username="admin";
        String password="123456";
        UsernamePasswordToken userToken=(UsernamePasswordToken)Token;
        if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(username)){
            return null;//会自动抛出异常
        }

        //密码认证 自动
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");*/
        //数据库获取数据
        UsernamePasswordToken userToken=(UsernamePasswordToken)Token;
        User user = userService.queryByName(userToken.getUsername());
        if (user==null){
            return null;
        }//密码可以采用MD5加密或者MD5盐值加密
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPassword(),"");
    }

效果：只有数据库表格中的用户才能访问

shiro实现授权

     /*
    * anon 无需认证即可访问
    * authc 必须认证才能访问
    * User 必须拥有 记住我 功能才能访问
    *perms 拥有对某一个资源的权限才能访问
    *role 拥有某一个角色权限才能访问
    * */

在拦截地方进行授权管理：

    * */
        //登录拦截
        Map<String, String> filterMap =new LinkedHashMap<>();
//        filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
//        filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
        //filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        //授权
        filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
        filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");

        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        //设置登录请求
        factoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        //未授权页面
        factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/Unauthor");

        return factoryBean;
    }

如果未授权进入授权页面
注销用户可以使用shiro自带方法logout()

  @RequestMapping("/logout")
    public String logout(){
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        subject.logout();
        return "redirect:/toLogin";
    }
}

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认识shiro安全框架

认识shiro什么是shiro?Apache shiro 是一个java的安全（权限）框架shiro可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用，不仅可以在javaSE，还可以在javaEE环境作用：可以完成认证，授权，加密，会话管理，web集成，缓存下载地址：http://shiro.apache.org您可以使用Apache Shiro进行以下操作：验证用户身份以验证其身份对用户执行访...
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