Optional的使用示例

• 获取对象深层的值
  以前写法

  // 获取user中address对象的city值，要多次判空处理
  public String getCity(User user) throws Exception {
      if (user != null) {
          if (user.getAddress() != null) {
              Address address = user.getAddress();
              if (address.getCity() != null) {
                  return address.getCity();
              }
          }
      }
      throw new Exception("获取失败");
  }
  

  现在写法

  // 直接用map取值
  public String getCity(User user) throws Exception {
      return Optional.ofNullable(user)
              .map(u -> user.getAddress())
              .map(a -> a.getCity())
              .orElseThrow(() -> new Exception("获取失败"));
  }
  

• 对象判空处理
  以前写法

  // 
  if (user != null) {
      // do something
  }
  

  现在写法

  Optional.ofNullable(user)
       .ifPresent(u -> {
           // do something
       });
  

• 初始化一个名为“zhangsan”的user
  以前写法

  public User getUser(User user) {
      if (user != null) {
          String name = user.getName();
          if ("zhangsan".equals(name)) {
              return user;
          } else {
              user = new User();
              user.setName("zhangsan");
              return user;
          }
      } else {
          user = new User();
          user.setName("zhangsan");
          return user;
      }
  }
  

  现在写法

  public User getUser(User user) {
      return Optional.ofNullable(user)
              .filter(u -> "zhangsan".equals(u.getName()))
              .orElseGet(() -> {
                  User user1 = new User();
                  user1.setName("zhangsan");
                  return user1;
              });
  }