PySnooper是一个给平民用的调试器,因为它是完全免费的!使用pysnooper可以完整的输出函数每一行代码中的变量的值,供我们去观察。github网址:PySnooper - Never use print for debugging again
1.示例
下面这个函数的功能是,通过返回一个位列表将数字转换为二进制。 然后通过添加@pysnooper.snoop() 装饰器来追踪它的每一行的变量的值:
import pysnooper
@pysnooper.snoop()
def number_to_bits(number):
if number:
bits = []
while number:
number, remainder = divmod(number, 2)
bits.insert(0, remainder)
return bits
else:
return [0]
number_to_bits(6)
stderr的输出是:
Starting var:.. number = 6
15:29:11.327032 call 4 def number_to_bits(number):
15:29:11.327032 line 5 if number:
15:29:11.327032 line 6 bits = []
New var:....... bits = []
15:29:11.327032 line 7 while number:
15:29:11.327032 line 8 number, remainder = divmod(number, 2)
New var:....... remainder = 0
Modified var:.. number = 3
15:29:11.327032 line 9 bits.insert(0, remainder)
Modified var:.. bits = [0]
15:29:11.327032 line 7 while number:
15:29:11.327032 line 8 number, remainder = divmod(number, 2)
Modified var:.. number = 1
Modified var:.. remainder = 1
15:29:11.327032 line 9 bits.insert(0, remainder)
Modified var:.. bits = [1, 0]
15:29:11.327032 line 7 while number:
15:29:11.327032 line 8 number, remainder = divmod(number, 2)
Modified var:.. number = 0
15:29:11.327032 line 9 bits.insert(0, remainder)
Modified var:.. bits = [1, 1, 0]
15:29:11.327032 line 7 while number:
15:29:11.327032 line 10 return bits
15:29:11.327032 return 10 return bits
Return value:.. [1, 1, 0]
2.指定输出内容:
如果不想跟踪整个函数,可以将自己想要跟踪的内容编写在with块中,如下所示,输出lst列表中的最大值、最小值和中间值:
import pysnooper
import random
def foo():
lst = []
for i in range(10):
lst.append(random.randrange(1, 1000))
with pysnooper.snoop():
lower = min(lst)
upper = max(lst)
mid = (lower + upper) / 2
print(lower, mid, upper)
foo()
输出如下:
New var:....... lst = [871, 383, 481, 214, 863, 362, 405, 452, 36, 325]
New var:....... i = 9
New var:....... lst = [681, 267, 74, 832, 284, 678, ...]
09:37:35.881721 line 10 lower = min(lst)
New var:....... lower = 74
09:37:35.882137 line 11 upper = max(lst)
New var:....... upper = 832
09:37:35.882304 line 12 mid = (lower + upper) / 2
74 453.0 832
New var:....... mid = 453.0
09:37:35.882486 line 13 print(lower, mid, upper)
36 453.5 871
3.如果跟踪内容太长,可以将其输出到本地日志文件中
@pysnooper.snoop('/path/to/logfile/file.log')
4.查看一些非局部变量的表达式的值
@pysnooper.snoop(watch=('foo.bar', 'self.x["whatever"]'))
或者查看非局部变量的所有属性列表:
@pysnooper.snoop(watch_explode=('foo', 'self'))
5.跟踪函数中调用的函数
使用depth来设置跟踪的函数调用深度:
@pysnooper.snoop(depth=2)
6.设置一个前缀名,将更容易定位和找到snoop行
@pysnooper.snoop(prefix='ZZZ ')
7.在多线程应用程序上识别哪个线程在输出中被跟踪
@pysnooper.snoop(thread_info=True)
这一项没看懂,有懂的大神,帮忙留言解释一下!