android 摄像头的调用

这几天一直在看关于android调用摄像头的事情。其中一种是直接调用系统的摄像头，还有就是利用camera api来实现摄像头的调用。
（1） 直接调用系统的摄像头：主要就是这三句话：
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,uri);
startActivityForResult(intent,SystemCapture);

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private Button button;//拍摄按钮
    protected int SystemCapture;

    private ImageView imageView;
    String imgPath = "/storage/sdcard0/mahc/image/img.jpg";
    //固定的存储文件的路径
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
        imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
        button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                File file = new File(imgPath);
                //如果文件不存在，则会自动创建文件用于存错照片，但是当这张照片有了之后，就不能进行存储别的照片了（）
                if(!file.exists()){

                    File vFile = file.getParentFile();
                    vFile.mkdirs();

                    Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(vFile);

                    Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
                    intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
                    //startActivityForResult(intent, CAPTURE_IMAGE_ACTIVITY_REQUEST_CODE);
                    startActivityForResult(intent, SystemCapture);
            }
        }
        });

    }

//重载onActivityResult()函数，用于当在次进行拍照的时候显示前一次拍摄的照片的内容。
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if(resultCode == RESULT_OK){
            imageView.setImageURI(Uri.fromFile(new File(imgPath)));
        }
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

（2 ）调用camera api，自己实现拍照功能。
主要就是预览，拍照，然后在回到预览。
主要用到的有控件有surfaceView ,surfaceHolder，
主要代码为：
.xml文件：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#FFFFFF"
    tools:context=".CameraActivity" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" >
        <SurfaceView
            android:id="@+id/camera_preview"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal" />
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/camera_save"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="拍照" />
    </LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>

主要的实现代码：

public class CameraActivity01 extends Activity{

    private SurfaceView surfaceView;//用于预览时显示
    private Button saveButton;//拍摄按钮
    private Camera camera;

    private SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder;//容器

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);
        saveButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.camera_save);
        surfaceView = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);
        //访问surfaceView的底层图形是通过surfaceHolder接口来实现的，通过getHolder（）方法可以得到这个surfaceHolder对象
        surfaceHolder = surfaceView.getHolder();
        //通过surfaceHolder.addCallback()方法来实现图像的预览与修改
        surfaceHolder.addCallback(callback);
        //进行点击事件的监听
        saveButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                //进行拍摄
                camera.takePicture(null, null, pictureCallback);
            }
        });
    }
    SurfaceHolder.Callback callback = new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {

        @Override
        public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder surfaceholder) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            //停止预览，释放camera
            camera.stopPreview();
            camera.release();
            camera = null;
        }

        @Override
        public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder surfaceholder) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            //打开摄像头准备进行预。
            camera = Camera.open();
            try {

            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO: handle exception
                camera.release();
                camera = null;
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder surfaceholder, int i, int j, int k) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            //对摄像头进行参数的设置。
            Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();
            parameters.setPictureFormat(ImageFormat.JPEG);
            camera.setParameters(parameters);
            try {
                camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceholder);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
                camera.release();
                camera = null;
            }
            //开始预览
            camera.startPreview();
        }
    };

    //拍摄回调
    private Camera.PictureCallback pictureCallback = new Camera.PictureCallback() {

        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            //存储文件
            new SavePictureTask().execute(data);
            //回到预览设置
            camera.startPreview();

        }
    };

    //异步存储文件
    class SavePictureTask extends AsyncTask<byte[], String, String>{

        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(byte[]... params) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            //手机不同，存储的文件路径可能也不同，可以按照自己的手机存储路径进行文件的存储。
            File picture = new File("/storage/sdcard0/mhc.jpg");
            try {
                FileOutputStream filo = new FileOutputStream(picture.getPath());
                //filo.write(params[0]);
                filo.write(params[0]);
                filo.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO: handle exception
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            CameraActivity01.this.finish();
            return null;
        }
    }
}

接着就是对文件的androidManifest.xml文件进行权限的设置：

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <!--存储权限                    SD卡读写权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <!--Camera Feature 声明对camera feature的使用 -->
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus"
        android:required="false" />

这里有个从别人哪里下载下来的完整的拍照和摄影的demo,http://download.csdn.net/detail/duolezengjie/9310685