登录功能之添加验证码

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-10 23:31:30 发布

durenniu

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-10 23:31:30 发布

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分类专栏： javaWeb学习总结

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相关的jsp页面：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
<script type="text/javascript">
function _change() {
	/*
	1. 得到img元素
	2. 修改其src为/day11_3/VerifyCodeServlet
	*/
	var imgEle = document.getElementById("img");
	imgEle.src = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/VerifyCodeServlet?a=" + new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
  </head>
  
  <body>
<%-- 本页面提供登录表单，还要显示错误信息 --%>

<h1>登录</h1>
<%
/*
读取名为uname的Cookie!
如果为空显示：""
如果不为空显示：Cookie的值
*/
String uname = "";
Cookie[] cs = request.getCookies();//获取请求中所有的cookie
if(cs != null) {// 如果存在cookie
	for(Cookie c : cs) {//循环遍历所有的cookie
		if("uname".equals(c.getName())) {//查找名为uname的cookie
			uname = c.getValue();//获取这个cookie的值，给uname这个变量
		}
	}
}
%>
<%
	String message = "";
	String msg = (String)request.getAttribute("msg");//获取request域中的名为msg的属性
	if(msg != null) {
		message = msg;
	}
%>
<font color="red"><b><%=message %> </b></font>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/LoginServlet" method="post">
			<%-- 把cookie中的用户名显示到用户名文本框中 --%>
	用户名：<input type="text" name="username" value="<%=uname%>"/><br/>
	密　码：<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
	验证码：<input type="text" name="verifyCode" size="3"/>
			<img id="img" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/VerifyCodeServlet"/>
			<a href="javascript:_change()">换一张</a>
	<br/>
	<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>

  </body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'succ1.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->

  </head>
  
  <body>
<h1>succ1</h1>
<%
String username = (String)session.getAttribute("username");
if(username == null) {
	/*
	1. 向request域中保存错误信息，转发到login.jsp
	*/
	request.setAttribute("msg", "您还没有登录，不要冒充领导！");
	request.getRequestDispatcher(request.getContextPath()+"/page/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
	return;
}
%>

欢迎欢迎，热烈欢迎，欢迎<%=username %>领导指导工作！
  </body>
</html>

相关的servlet:

package com.demo.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
	
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 3939140018752417873L;

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		/*
		 * 校验验证码
		 * 1. 从session中获取正确的验证码
		 * 2. 从表单中获取用户填写的验证码
		 * 3. 进行比较！
		 * 4. 如果相同，向下运行，否则保存错误信息到request域，转发到login.jsp
		 */
		String sessionCode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("session_vcode");
		String paramCode = request.getParameter("verifyCode");
		
		if(!paramCode.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionCode)) {
			request.setAttribute("msg", "验证码错误！");
			request.getRequestDispatcher(request.getContextPath()+"/page/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
			return;
		}
		
		
		/*
		 * 1. 获取表单数据
		 */
		// 处理中文问题
		request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		// 获取
		String username = request.getParameter("username");
		String password = request.getParameter("password");
		/*
		 * 2. 校验用户名和密码是否正确
		 */
		if(!"itcast".equalsIgnoreCase(username)) {//登录成功
			/*
			 * 附加项：把用户名保存到cookie中，发送给客户端浏览器
			 * 当再次打开login.jsp时，login.jsp中会读取request中的cookie，把它显示到用户名文本框中
			 */
			Cookie cookie = new Cookie("uname", username);//创建Cookie
			cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24);//设置cookie命长为1天
			response.addCookie(cookie);//保存cookie
			
			/*
			 * 3. 如果成功
			 *   >  保存用户信息到session中
			 *   >  重定向到succ1.jsp
			 */
			HttpSession session = request.getSession();//获取session
			session.setAttribute("username", username);//向session域中保存用户名
			response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/page/succ1.jsp");
		} else {//登录失败
			/*
			 * 4. 如果失败
			 *   > 保存错误信息到request域中
			 *   > 转发到login.jsp
			 */
			request.setAttribute("msg", "用户名或密码错误!");
			RequestDispatcher qr = request.getRequestDispatcher(request.getContextPath()+"/page/login.jsp");//得到转发器
			qr.forward(request, response);//转发
		}
	}
}

package com.demo.servlet;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.demo.Util.VerifyCode;



public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -6941597647129462186L;

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		/*
		 * 1. 生成图片
		 * 2. 保存图片上的文本到session域中
		 * 3. 把图片响应给客户端
		 */
		VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
		BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();
		request.getSession().setAttribute("session_vcode", vc.getText());//保存图片上的文本到session域
		
		VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());
	}
}

工具类：

package com.demo.Util;

import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class VerifyCode {
	private int w = 70;
	private int h = 35;
 	private Random r = new Random();
 	// {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
	private String[] fontNames  = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
	// 可选字符
	private String codes  = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
	// 背景色
	private Color bgColor  = new Color(255, 255, 255);
	// 验证码上的文本
	private String text ;
	
	// 生成随机的颜色
	private Color randomColor () {
		int red = r.nextInt(150);
		int green = r.nextInt(150);
		int blue = r.nextInt(150);
		return new Color(red, green, blue);
	}
	
	// 生成随机的字体
	private Font randomFont () {
		int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
		String fontName = fontNames[index];//生成随机的字体名称
		int style = r.nextInt(4);//生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
		int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; //生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
		return new Font(fontName, style, size);
	}
	
	// 画干扰线
	private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
		int num  = 3;//一共画3条
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
		for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {//生成两个点的坐标，即4个值
			int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
			int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
			int y2 = r.nextInt(h); 
			g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F)); 
			g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); //干扰线是蓝色
			g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);//画线
		}
	}
	
	// 随机生成一个字符
	private char randomChar () {
		int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
		return codes.charAt(index);
	}
	
	// 创建BufferedImage
	private BufferedImage createImage () {
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); 
		g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
		g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
 		return image;
	}
	
	// 调用这个方法得到验证码
	public BufferedImage getImage () {
		BufferedImage image = createImage();//创建图片缓冲区 
		Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();//得到绘制环境
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//用来装载生成的验证码文本
		// 向图片中画4个字符
		for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)  {//循环四次，每次生成一个字符
			String s = randomChar() + "";//随机生成一个字母 
			sb.append(s); //把字母添加到sb中
			float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; //设置当前字符的x轴坐标
			g2.setFont(randomFont()); //设置随机字体
			g2.setColor(randomColor()); //设置随机颜色
			g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); //画图
		}
		this.text = sb.toString(); //把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
		drawLine(image); //添加干扰线
		return image;		
	}
	
	// 返回验证码图片上的文本
	public String getText () {
		return text;
	}
	
	// 保存图片到指定的输出流
	public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) 
				throws IOException {
		ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
	}
}

package com.demo.Util;

import java.util.UUID;

public class CommonUtils {
	public static String uuid() {
		return UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "").toUpperCase();
	}
}

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登录功能之添加验证码

相关的jsp页面：login.jsp &lt;%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%&gt;&lt;%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.get...
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