经典编程900例（c语言）（第二十篇）

例231：库函数中的除法函数div()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    // div返回的结构体
    div_t result;

    result = div(11, 3);

    // 输出11/3 商数和余数
    printf("11 divided by 3 is %d Remainder %d\n", result.quot, result.rem);    // 11 divided by 3 is 3 Remainder 2

    return 0;
}

例232：库函数中的浮点操作函数frexp()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double value = 1.2345;
    double mantissa; 
    int exponent;

    //  frexp把一个浮点数分解为尾数和指数, 返回尾数，指数通过指针存入exponent
    mantissa = frexp(value, &exponent);

    printf("Mantissa %f Exponent %d Value %f\n", mantissa, exponent, mantissa * pow(2.0, 1.0 * exponent));   // Mantissa 0.617250 Exponent 1 Value 1.234500

    return 0;
}

例233：库函数中的浮点操作函数modf()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double value = 1.2345;
    double int_part;
    double fraction;

    // modf分解value，以得到value的整数和小数部分，返回小数部分，整数通过指针存入int_part
    fraction = modf(value, &int_part);

    printf("Value %f Integer part %f Fraction %f\n", value, int_part, fraction); // Value 1.234500 Integer part 1.000000 Fraction 0.234500

    return 0;
}

例234：库函数中的计算函数ldexp()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

/**
 * 函数名： double ldexp(double value, int exp);
 * 功 能： 计算value乘以2的exp次幂 （ value * ( 2^exp ) ）
 * 返回值： 返回计算结果
 */
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    printf("3 * 2 raised to the 4 is %f\n", ldexp(3.0, 4));// 3 * 2 raised to the 4 is 48.000000

    return 0;
}

例235：取对数函数log10()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    // log10用来取以10为底的对数
    printf("Log10 of 100 is %f\n", log10(100.0));       // Log10 of 100 is 2.000000
    printf("Log10 of 10000 is %f\n", log10(10000.0));   // Log10 of 10000 is 4.000000

    return 0;
}

例236：指数运算函数pow10()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
	// 10的-1次方...
    printf("10 raised to -1 is %f\n", pow10(-1));   // 10 raised to -1 is 0.100000
    printf("10 raised to 0 is %f\n", pow10(0));     // 10 raised to 0 is 1.000000
    printf("10 raised to 1 is %f\n", pow10(1));     // 10 raised to 1 is 10.000000
    printf("10 raised to 2 is %f\n", pow10(2));     // 10 raised to 2 is 100.000000

    return 0;
}

例237：绝对值函数abs()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    // 5的绝对值...
    printf("The absolute value of %d is %d\n", 5, abs(5));  // The absolute value of 5 is 5
    printf("The absolute value of %d is %d\n", 0, abs(0));  // The absolute value of 0 is 0
    printf("The absolute value of %d is %d\n", -5, abs(-5));    // The absolute value of -5 is 5

    return 0;
}

例238：三角运算函数cos()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    // cos(π/2)的值
    printf("cosine of pi/2 is %6.4f\n", cos(3.14159/2.0));  // cosine of pi/2 is 0.0000

    // cos(π)的值
    printf("cosine of pi is %6.4f\n", cos(3.14159));        // cosine of pi is -1.0000

    return 0;
}

例239：e为底的指数函数exp()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double value;

    // exp用来计算以e为底的指数函数
    for (value = 0.0; value <= 1.0; value += 0.1)
        printf("exp(%f) is %f\n", value, exp(value));

    return 0;
}

例240：计算自然对数的函数log()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    // log(x) 函数用来计算x的自然对数，也即以e为底的对数
    printf("Natural log of 256.0 is %f\n", log(256.0)); // Natural log of 256.0 is 5.545177

    return 0;
}

例241：次方计算函数pow()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    int power;

    // pow(x,y)计算x的y次
    for (power = -2; power <= 2; power++)
        printf("10 raised to %d is %f\n", power, pow(10.0, power));

    // 10 raised to -2 is 0.010000
    // 10 raised to -1 is 0.100000
    // 10 raised to 0 is 1.000000
    // 10 raised to 1 is 10.000000
    // 10 raised to 2 is 100.000000

    return 0;
}

例242：三角运算函数sin()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double radians;

    for (radians = 0.0; radians < 3.1; radians += 0.1)
        printf("Sine of %f is %f\n", radians, sin(radians));

    return 0;
}

例243：三角运算函数tan()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    double pi = 3.14159265;

    // tan(π)的值
    printf("Tangent of pi is %f\n", tan(pi));           // // Tangent of pi is -0.000000
    // tan(π/4)的值
    printf("Tangent of pi/4 is %f\n", tan(pi / 4.0));   // Tangent of pi/4 is 1.000000

    return 0;
}

例244：浮点数的绝对值函数fabs()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    float value;

    for (value = -1.0; value <= 1.0; value += 0.1)
        printf("Value %f fabs %f\n", value, fabs(value));

    return 0;
}