linux管道编程

一、利用管道获取子进程的输出

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int ret;
    char buf[1024];

    FILE* pp = popen("ls", "r");
    if (!pp)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "popen error!/n");
        return 0;
    }
   
    while ( (ret = fread(buf, 1, 1023, pp)) > 0)
    {
        buf[ret] = 0;
        fprintf(stdout, "%s", buf);
    }

    fprintf(stdout, "/n");

    pclose(pp);

    return 0;   
}

二、利用管道向子进程的输入数据

没有想到好的命令，自己写了如下一个test程序，该程序从stdin读取数据写入到一个文件
//test.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
    char* line;
    char buf[1024];

    FILE* fp = fopen("test.txt", "w");
    if (!fp)
    {
        exit(-1);
    }

    while (line = fgets(buf, 1024, stdin))
    {
        fwrite(line, 1, strlen(line), fp);   
        fflush(fp);
    }

    return 0;
}

然后使用如下程序测试管道
//po.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
    int ret;
    char buf[1024];
    char* ptr;

    FILE* pp = popen("./test", "w");
    if (!pp)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "popen error!/n");
        return 0;
    }
   
    ptr = "test line 1/n";
    fwrite(ptr, 1, strlen(ptr), pp);
    ptr = "test line 2/n";
    fwrite(ptr, 1, strlen(ptr), pp);

    pclose(pp);

    return 0;   
}

编译test.c
gcc -o test test.c
得到可执行文件test
编译po.c
gcc -o po po.c
得到可执行文件po

运行
./po
得到test.txt文件
cat test.txt
内容如下：
test line 1
test line 2


双向管道的使用代码，源自man pipe
       #include <sys/wait.h>
       #include <assert.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       #include <unistd.h>
       #include <string.h>

       int
       main(int argc, char *argv[])
       {
           int pipefd[2];
           pid_t cpid;
           char buf;

           assert(argc == 2);

           if (pipe(pipefd) == -1) {
               perror("pipe");
               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
           }

           cpid = fork();
           if (cpid == -1) {
               perror("fork");
               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
           }

           if (cpid == 0) {    /* Child reads from pipe */
               close(pipefd[1]);          /* Close unused write end */

               while (read(pipefd[0], &buf, 1) > 0)
                   write(STDOUT_FILENO, &buf, 1);

               write(STDOUT_FILENO, "/n", 1);
               close(pipefd[0]);
               _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

           } else {            /* Parent writes argv[1] to pipe */
               close(pipefd[0]);          /* Close unused read end */
               write(pipefd[1], argv[1], strlen(argv[1]));
               close(pipefd[1]);          /* Reader will see EOF */
               wait(NULL);                /* Wait for child */
               exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
           }
       }