hive命令

 //创建表,external 外部表
 $hive>CREATE external TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t2(id int,name string,age int) COMMENT 'xx' ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' STORED AS TEXTFILE ;

 //查看表数据
 $hive>desc t2 ;
 $hive>desc formatted t2 ;

 //加载数据到hive表
 $hive>load data local inpath '/home/centos/customers.txt' into table t2 ;          //local上传文件
 $hive>load data inpath '/user/centos/customers.txt' [overwrite] into table t2 ;   //移动文件

 //复制表
 mysql>create table tt as select * from users ;                                                    //携带数据和表结构
 mysql>create table tt like users ;                                                                       //不带数据，只有表结构

 hive>create table tt as select * from users ; 
 hive>create table tt like users ; 

 //count()查询要转成mr
 $hive>select count(*) from t2 ;
 $hive>select id,name from t2 ;

 //
 $hive>select * from t2 order by id desc ;    //MR
  
 //启用/禁用表
 $hive>ALTER TABLE t2 ENABLE NO_DROP; //不允许删除
 $hive>ALTER TABLE t2 DISABLE NO_DROP; //允许删除

 //分区表,优化手段之一，从目录的层面控制搜索数据的范围。
 //创建分区表.
 $hive>CREATE TABLE t3(id int,name string,age int) PARTITIONED BY (Year INT, Month INT) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ;

 //显式表的分区信息
 $hive>SHOW PARTITIONS t3;

 //添加分区,创建目录
 $hive>alter table t3 add partition add PARTITION (year=2014, month=11) PARTITION (year=2014, month=12);
 
 //删除分区
 hive>ALTER TABLE employee_partitioned DROP IF EXISTS PARTITION (year=2014, month=11);

 //分区结构
 hive>/user/hive/warehouse/mydb2.db/t3/year=2014/month=11
 hive>/user/hive/warehouse/mydb2.db/t3/year=2014/month=12

 //加载数据到分区表
 hive>load data local inpath '/home/centos/customers.txt' into table t3 partition(year=2014,month=11);

 //创建桶表
 $hive>CREATE TABLE t4(id int,name string,age int) CLUSTERED BY (id) INTO 3 BUCKETS ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ;
 
 //加载数据不会进行分桶操作
 $hive>load data local inpath '/home/centos/customers.txt' into table t4 ;
 
 //查询t3表数据插入到t4中。
 $hive>insert into t4 select id,name,age from t3 ;

 //桶表的数量如何设置?
 //评估数据量，保证每个桶的数据量block的2倍大小。

 //连接查询
 $hive>CREATE TABLE customers(id int,name string,age int) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ;
 $hive>CREATE TABLE orders(id int,orderno string,price float,cid int) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ;

 //加载数据到表
 //内连接查询
 hive>select a.*,b.* from customers a , orders b where a.id = b.cid ;
 //左外
 hive>select a.*,b.* from customers a left outer join orders b on a.id = b.cid ;
 hive>select a.*,b.* from customers a right outer join orders b on a.id = b.cid ;
 hive>select a.*,b.* from customers a full outer join orders b on a.id = b.cid ;

 //explode,炸裂,表生成函数。
 //使用hive实现单词统计
 //1.建表
 $hive>CREATE TABLE doc(line string) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ;