linux下setsockopt函数（代码摘自UNP）

以下的代码摘自UNP，我在学习UNP这本书的时候，有时候想把书中的代码敲一敲，像这种比较繁琐的代码我还是想着直接拿源码用，而不是自己再去敲一份（写这篇博客的目的主要是UNP的源码十分的难找，我百度了也没有找到这个例子的代码。找了好久找到了源码，故希望如果有人跟我一样想测试setsockopt例子，可以拿去用）。

我一开始以为setsockopt是跟fcntl一样的，要先取出来原先设置的值，在做一个|（与运算），然后再把新值设置。setsockopt只要你设置了就行，并不需要获取原先的值再设置，但是我通过测试发现对于一个套接字调用一次只能只有设置一个属性，不可以 | 这样多次设置的！

/* include checkopts1 */
/* *INDENT-OFF* */
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <iostream>
#include	<netinet/tcp.h>		/* for TCP_xxx defines */

union val {
  int				i_val;
  long				l_val;
  struct linger		linger_val;
  struct timeval	timeval_val;
} val;

static char	*sock_str_flag(union val *, int);
static char	*sock_str_int(union val *, int);
static char	*sock_str_linger(union val *, int);
static char	*sock_str_timeval(union val *, int);

struct sock_opts {
  const char	   *opt_str;
  int		opt_level;
  int		opt_name;
  char   *(*opt_val_str)(union val *, int);
} sock_opts[] = {
	{ "SO_BROADCAST",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_BROADCAST,	sock_str_flag },
	{ "SO_DEBUG",			SOL_SOCKET,	SO_DEBUG,		sock_str_flag },
	{ "SO_DONTROUTE",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_DONTROUTE,	sock_str_flag },
	{ "SO_ERROR",			SOL_SOCKET,	SO_ERROR,		sock_str_int },
	{ "SO_KEEPALIVE",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_KEEPALIVE,	sock_str_flag },
	{ "SO_LINGER",			SOL_SOCKET,	SO_LINGER,		sock_str_linger },
	{ "SO_OOBINLINE",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_OOBINLINE,	sock_str_flag },
	{ "SO_RCVBUF",			SOL_SOCKET,	SO_RCVBUF,		sock_str_int },
	{ "SO_SNDBUF",			SOL_SOCKET,	SO_SNDBUF,		sock_str_int },
	{ "SO_RCVLOWAT",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_RCVLOWAT,	sock_str_int },
	{ "SO_SNDLOWAT",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_SNDLOWAT,	sock_str_int },
	{ "SO_RCVTIMEO",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_RCVTIMEO,	sock_str_timeval },
	{ "SO_SNDTIMEO",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_SNDTIMEO,	sock_str_timeval },
	{ "SO_REUSEADDR",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_REUSEADDR,	sock_str_flag },
#ifdef	SO_REUSEPORT
	{ "SO_REUSEPORT",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_REUSEPORT,	sock_str_flag },
#else
	{ "SO_REUSEPORT",		0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
	{ "SO_TYPE",			SOL_SOCKET,	SO_TYPE,		sock_str_int },
	//{ "SO_USELOOPBACK",		SOL_SOCKET,	SO_USELOOPBACK,	sock_str_flag },
	{ "IP_TOS",				IPPROTO_IP,	IP_TOS,			sock_str_int },
	{ "IP_TTL",				IPPROTO_IP,	IP_TTL,			sock_str_int },
#ifdef	IPV6_DONTFRAG
	{ "IPV6_DONTFRAG",		IPPROTO_IPV6,IPV6_DONTFRAG,	sock_str_flag },
#else
	{ "IPV6_DONTFRAG",		0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
#ifdef	IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS
	{ "IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS",	IPPROTO_IPV6,IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,sock_str_int },
#else
	{ "IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS",	0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
#ifdef	IPV6_V6ONLY
	{ "IPV6_V6ONLY",		IPPROTO_IPV6,IPV6_V6ONLY,	sock_str_flag },
#else
	{ "IPV6_V6ONLY",		0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
	{ "TCP_MAXSEG",			IPPROTO_TCP,TCP_MAXSEG,		sock_str_int },
	{ "TCP_NODELAY",		IPPROTO_TCP,TCP_NODELAY,	sock_str_flag },
#ifdef	SCTP_AUTOCLOSE
	{ "SCTP_AUTOCLOSE",		IPPROTO_SCTP,SCTP_AUTOCLOSE,sock_str_int },
#else
	{ "SCTP_AUTOCLOSE",		0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
#ifdef	SCTP_MAXBURST
	{ "SCTP_MAXBURST",		IPPROTO_SCTP,SCTP_MAXBURST,	sock_str_int },
#else
	{ "SCTP_MAXBURST",		0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
#ifdef	SCTP_MAXSEG
	{ "SCTP_MAXSEG",		IPPROTO_SCTP,SCTP_MAXSEG,	sock_str_int },
#else
	{ "SCTP_MAXSEG",		0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
#ifdef	SCTP_NODELAY
	{ "SCTP_NODELAY",		IPPROTO_SCTP,SCTP_NODELAY,	sock_str_flag },
#else
	{ "SCTP_NODELAY",		0,			0,				NULL },
#endif
	{ NULL,					0,			0,				NULL }
};
/* *INDENT-ON* */
/* end checkopts1 */

/* include checkopts2 */
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int					fd;
	socklen_t			len;
	struct sock_opts	*ptr;
	fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	//SO_REUSEADDR
	int ret = -1;
	int st = setsockopt(fd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_KEEPALIVE,&ret,sizeof(ret));
	if(st < 0){
		std::cout<<"设置失败"<<std::endl;
	}
	std::cout<<ret<<std::endl;
	//setsockopt(fd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR ,&ret,sizeof(ret));

	for (ptr = sock_opts; ptr->opt_str != NULL; ptr++) {
		printf("%s: ", ptr->opt_str);
		if (ptr->opt_val_str == NULL)
			printf("(undefined)\n");
		else {
			switch(ptr->opt_level) {
			case SOL_SOCKET:
			case IPPROTO_IP:
			case IPPROTO_TCP:
				//fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
				break;
#ifdef	IPV6
			case IPPROTO_IPV6:
				fd = Socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
				break;
#endif
#ifdef	IPPROTO_SCTP
			case IPPROTO_SCTP:
				fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP);
				break;
#endif
			default:
				printf("Can't create fd for level %d\n", ptr->opt_level);
			}

			len = sizeof(val);
			if (getsockopt(fd, ptr->opt_level, ptr->opt_name,
						   &val, &len) == -1) {
				printf("getsockopt error");
			} else {
				printf("default = %s\n", (*ptr->opt_val_str)(&val, len));
			}
			//close(fd);
		}
	}
	exit(0);
}
/* end checkopts2 */

/* include checkopts3 */
static char	strres[128];

static char	*
sock_str_flag(union val *ptr, int len)
{
/* *INDENT-OFF* */
	if (len != sizeof(int))
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres), "size (%d) not sizeof(int)", len);
	else
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres),
				 "%s", (ptr->i_val == 0) ? "off" : "on");
	return(strres);
/* *INDENT-ON* */
}
/* end checkopts3 */

static char	*
sock_str_int(union val *ptr, int len)
{
	if (len != sizeof(int))
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres), "size (%d) not sizeof(int)", len);
	else
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres), "%d", ptr->i_val);
	return(strres);
}

static char	*
sock_str_linger(union val *ptr, int len)
{
	struct linger	*lptr = &ptr->linger_val;

	if (len != sizeof(struct linger))
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres),
				 "size (%d) not sizeof(struct linger)", len);
	else
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres), "l_onoff = %d, l_linger = %d",
				 lptr->l_onoff, lptr->l_linger);
	return(strres);
}

static char	*
sock_str_timeval(union val *ptr, int len)
{
	struct timeval	*tvptr = &ptr->timeval_val;

	if (len != sizeof(struct timeval))
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres),
				 "size (%d) not sizeof(struct timeval)", len);
	else
		snprintf(strres, sizeof(strres), "%d sec, %d usec",
				 tvptr->tv_sec, tvptr->tv_usec);
	return(strres);
}