CentOS 服务器性能查看

本文主要介绍 CentOS 系统一些查询系统性能的命令。

博主博客

• https://blog.uso6.com
• https://blog.csdn.net/dxk539687357

uptime

uptime可以对cpu使用情况进行监控。

[nukix@bogon ~]$ uptime
# 当前时间	系统运行时间	当前登录用户数	系统平均负载
 18:56:53 up 1 day,  3:55,  2 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05

free

free可以对内存和交换分区进行监控。

[nukix@bogon ~]$ free -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           977M        680M         76M        8.7M        220M        100M
Swap:          1.5G        397M        1.1G

df

df可以查看系统磁盘的使用情况。

[nukix@bogon ~]$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3        14G  5.8G  7.5G  44% /
devtmpfs        475M     0  475M   0% /dev
tmpfs           489M  116K  489M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           489M   21M  469M   5% /run
tmpfs           489M     0  489M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1       297M  192M  106M  65% /boot
tmpfs            98M   28K   98M   1% /run/user/1000

ip

ip可以查看网卡信息。

# 查看所有网卡信息
[nukix@bogon ~]$ ip a s
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:53:5a:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.106/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic eno16777736
       valid_lft 53201sec preferred_lft 53201sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe53:5a8e/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN group default qlen 500
    link/ether 52:54:00:5f:e3:fb brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

# 查看某一个网卡信息
[nukix@bogon ~]$ ip -s link show eno16777736
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:53:5a:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast   
    178537908  490338   0       0       0       0       
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns 
    482226510  360048   0       0       0       0 

netstat

netstat可以用于查看端口信息。

[nukix@bogon ~]$ netstat -ant
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN     
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN  

ps

ps可用于查看进程信息。

[nukix@bogon ~]$ ps -ef
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root          1      0  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:18 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --sys
root          2      0  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [kthreadd]
root          3      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [ksoftirqd/0]
root          7      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [migration/0]
root          8      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcu_bh]
root          9      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/0]
root         10      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/1]
root         11      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/2]
root         12      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/3]
root         13      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/4]
root         14      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/5]
root         15      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/6]
root         16      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/7]
root         17      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/8]
root         18      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/9]
root         19      2  0 Jun18 ?        00:00:00 [rcuob/10]

top

top可以查看进程信息。

[nukix@bogon ~]$ top
top - 02:29:40 up 1 day, 11:28,  2 users,  load average: 0.19, 0.09, 0.07
Tasks: 431 total,   3 running, 428 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
# Cpu(s) 当前CPU状态 us 用户进程占用CPU比例 sy 内核进程占用CPU比例
# id 空闲CPU比例 wa IO等待所占用的CPU时间比例 wa占用超过30%表示IO压力很大
%Cpu(s): 21.5 us,  4.0 sy,  0.0 ni, 74.4 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
# Mem 内存状态 total 总的内存大小 free 剩余 used 已使用 buffers 目录缓存
KiB Mem :  1001332 total,   168952 free,   551232 used,   281148 buff/cache
# 如果 Swap 的 used 很高，则表示系统内存不足
KiB Swap:  1572860 total,   994548 free,   578312 used.   250340 avail Mem 

   PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND     
 62894 nukix     20   0 2768572 271296  28828 S 13.6 27.1   6:55.73 gnome-shell 
  1880 root      20   0  265340  43084   6556 S  8.0  4.3   4:34.94 Xorg        
  4727 nukix     20   0  686700  18040   8288 S  2.7  1.8   0:07.27 gnome-term+ 
 40137 nukix     20   0  162288   2592   1592 R  0.7  0.3   0:00.19 top         
  2879 nukix     20   0  104472    544    156 S  0.3  0.1   0:09.94 dbus-daemon 
  3099 nukix     20   0 1029896  24744   8432 S  0.3  2.5   0:08.39 nautilus    
  3588 nukix     20   0 2491960  47012      0 S  0.3  4.7   2:56.36 java        
 37073 root      20   0  318064   1540   1132 S  0.3  0.2   1:29.43 vmtoolsd    
     1 root      20   0  193928   4488   2484 S  0.0  0.4   0:18.90 systemd     
     2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.04 kthreadd    
     3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.54 ksoftirqd/0 
     7 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/0 
     8 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 rcu_bh       

iostat

iostat用于查看IO使用情况。

# 监控输入输出状态，-x表示显示所有参数信息，1表示每隔1秒监控一次，2表示共监控2次
[nukix@bogon ~]$ iostat -x 1 2
Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (bogon) 	06/20/2019 	_x86_64_	(1 CPU)

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
           1.50    0.00    0.87    0.03    0.00   97.60

Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await r_await w_await  svctm  %util
sda               2.41     3.75    6.93    4.44   351.23    87.78    77.26     0.01    0.68    0.71    0.65   0.17   0.19

avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
           4.00    0.00    1.00    0.00    0.00   95.00

Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await r_await w_await  svctm  %util
sda               0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00    0.00   0.00   0.00

参考资料：
[1] https://www.cnblogs.com/gdsblog/p/8528950.html
[2] https://blog.csdn.net/helloxiaozhe/article/details/78101312