大数据基础平台搭建-（三）Hadoop集群HA+Zookeeper搭建
大数据平台系列文章：
1、大数据基础平台搭建-（一）基础环境准备
2、大数据基础平台搭建-（二）Hadoop集群搭建
3、大数据基础平台搭建-（三）Hadoop集群HA+Zookeeper搭建
4、大数据基础平台搭建-（四）HBase集群HA+Zookeeper搭建
5、大数据基础平台搭建-（五）Hive搭建
大数据平台是基于Apache Hadoop_3.3.4搭建的；
目录
一、部署架构
二、Hadoop集群节点分布情况
| 序号 | 服务节点 | NameNode节点 | Zookeeper节点 | journalnode节点 | datanode节点 | resourcemanager节点 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hNode1 | √ | √ | √ | - | √ |
| 2 | hNode2 | √ | √ | √ | - | √ |
| 3 | hNode3 | - | √ | √ | √ | - |
| 4 | hNode4 | - | - | - | √ | - |
| 5 | hNode5 | - | - | - | √ | - |
三、搭建Zookeeper集群
1、在hnode1服务器上部署Zookeeper
1）. 解压安装包
[root@hnode1 ~]# cd /opt/
[root@hnode1 opt]# tar -xzvf ./apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin.tar.gz /opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin
[root@hnode1 opt]# cd /opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin
2）. 配置环境变量
[root@hnode1 apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin]# vim /etc/profile
#Zookeeper
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin
export PATH=$PATH:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin
[root@hnode1 apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin]# source /etc/profile
3）. 配置zookeeper
[root@znode apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin]# mkdir zkData
[root@znode apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin]# cd conf
[root@znode conf]# cp ./zoo_sample.cfg ./zoo.cfg
[root@znode conf]# vim ./zoo.cfg
dataDir=/opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin/zkData
#添加集群中其他节点的信息
server.1=hnode1:2888:3888
server.2=hnode2:2888:3888
server.3=hnode3:2888:3888
[root@hnode1 apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin]# source /etc/profile
4）. 在zkData目录生成myid文件
[root@znode apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin]# cd zkData/
[root@znode zkData]# vim myid
1
2、在hnode2服务器上部署Zookeeper
1）. 从hnode1服务器复制Zookeeper安装目录
[root@hnode2 ~]# cd /opt/
[root@hnode2 opt]# mkdir zk
[root@hnode2 opt]# cd zk
[root@hnode2 zk]# scp -r root@hnode1:/opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin ./
2）. 配置环境变量
[root@hnode2 zk]# vim /etc/profile
#Zookeeper
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin
export PATH=$PATH:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin
[root@hnode2 zk]# source /etc/profile
3）. 修改myid
[root@hnode2 zk]# cd apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin/zkData/
[root@hnode2 zkData]# vim myid
2
3、在hnode3服务器上部署Zookeeper
1）. 从hnode1服务器复制Zookeeper安装目录
[root@hnode3 ~]# cd /opt/
[root@hnode3 opt]# mkdir zk
[root@hnode3 opt]# cd zk
[root@hnode3 zk]# scp -r root@hnode1:/opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin ./
2）. 配置环境变量
[root@hnode3 zk]# vim /etc/profile
#Zookeeper
export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zk/apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin
export PATH=$PATH:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin
[root@hnode3 zk]# source /etc/profile
3）. 修改myid
[root@hnode3 zk]# cd apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-bin/zkData/
[root@hnode3 zkData]# vim myid
3
四、修改Hadoop配置，HA模式
1、在hnode1编辑core-site.xml
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# vim core-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 在读写SequenceFiles时缓存区大小128k -->
<property>
<name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
<value>131072</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定 hadoop 数据的存储目录 -->
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/opt/hadoop/data</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置 HDFS 网页登录使用的静态用户为 root -->
<property>
<name>hadoop.http.staticuser.user</name>
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://cluster</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.trash.interval</name>
<value>1440</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>hnode1:2181,hnode2:2181,hnode3:2181</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.zk.address</name>
<value>hnode1:2181,hnode2:2181,hnode3:2181</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>ha.zookeeper.session-timeout.ms</name>
<value>10000</value>
<description>hadoop链接zookeeper的超时时长设置ms</description>
</property>
</configuration>
2、在hnode1上编辑hdfs-site.xml
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# vim hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 指定hdfs元数据存储的路径 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>/opt/hadoop/data/namenode</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定hdfs数据存储的路径 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>/opt/hadoop/data/datanode</value>
</property>
<!-- 数据备份的个数 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>2</value>
</property>
<!-- 关闭权限验证 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启WebHDFS功能（基于REST的接口服务） -->
<property>
<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- //以下为HDFS HA的配置// -->
<!-- 指定hdfs的nameservices名称为mycluster -->
<property>
<name>dfs.nameservices</name>
<value>cluster</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定cluster的两个namenode的名称分别为nn1,nn2 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.namenodes.cluster</name>
<value>nn1,nn2</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置nn1,nn2的rpc通信端口 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.cluster.nn1</name>
<value>hnode1:8020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.cluster.nn2</name>
<value>hnode2:8020</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置nn1,nn2的http通信端口 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.cluster.nn1</name>
<value>hnode1:50070</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.cluster.nn2</name>
<value>hnode2:50070</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定namenode元数据存储在journalnode中的路径 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
<value>qjournal://hnode1:8485;hnode2:8485;hnode3:8485/cluster</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定journalnode日志文件存储的路径 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
<value>/opt/hadoop/data/journal</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定HDFS客户端连接active namenode的java类 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.cluster</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置隔离机制为ssh -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
<value>sshfence</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定秘钥的位置 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
<value>/root/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启自动故障转移 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</configuration>
3、在hnode1上编辑yarn-site.xml
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# vim yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 容错 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.connect.retry-interval.ms</name>
<value>10000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- ResourceManager重启容错 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
<description>RM 重启过程中不影响正在运行的作业</description>
</property>
<!-- 应用的状态信息存储方案:ZK -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.store.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore</value>
<description>应用的状态等信息保存方式：ha只支持ZKRMStateStore</description>
</property>
<!-- yarn集群配置 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
<value>cluster</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>
<value>rm1,rm2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.scheduler.fair.FairScheduler</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.work-preserving-recovery.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- rm1 configs -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>
<value>hnode2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address.rm1</name>
<value>hnode2:8032</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address.rm1</name>
<value>hnode2:8030</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.https.address.rm1</name>
<value>hnode2:8090</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm1</name>
<value>hnode2:8088</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address.rm1</name>
<value>hnode2:8031</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address.rm1</name>
<value>hnode2:8033</value>
</property>
<!-- rm2 configs -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
<value>hnode3</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address.rm2</name>
<value>hnode3:8032</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address.rm2</name>
<value>hnode3:8030</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.https.address.rm2</name>
<value>hnode3:8090</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm2</name>
<value>hnode3:8088</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address.rm2</name>
<value>hnode3:8031</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address.rm2</name>
<value>hnode3:8033</value>
</property>
<!-- Node Manager Configs 每个节点都要配置 -->
<property>
<description>Address where the localizer IPC is. ********* </description>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.localizer.address</name>
<value>hnode2:8040</value>
</property>
<property>
<description>Address where the localizer IPC is. ********* </description>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.address</name>
<value>hnode2:8050</value>
</property>
<property>
<description>NM Webapp address. ********* </description>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.webapp.address</name>
<value>hnode2:8042</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.local-dirs</name>
<value>/tmp/hadoop/yarn/local</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.log-dirs</name>
<value>/tmp/hadoop/yarn/log</value>
</property>
<!--资源优化-->
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
<value>2048</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.cpu-vcores</name>
<value>2</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name>
<value>2048</value>
</property>
<!--日志聚合-->
<property>
<name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name>
<value>86400</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.application.classpath</name>
<value>/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/common/lib/*:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/common/*:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/hdfs:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/hdfs/lib/*:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/hdfs/*:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/yarn:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/*:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/share/hadoop/yarn/*</value>
</property>
</configuration>
4、将hnode1节点上修改的hadoop配置同步到hnode2节点上
将hnode1服务器上的core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、yarn-site.xml同步到hnode2上
[root@hnode2 opt]# cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/
[root@hnode2 hadoop]# rm -rf core-site.xml
[root@hnode2 hadoop]# rm -rf hdfs-site.xml
[root@hnode2 hadoop]# rm -rf yarn-site.xml
[root@hnode2 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml ./
[root@hnode2 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml ./
[root@hnode2 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml ./
5、将hnode1节点上修改的hadoop配置同步到hnode3节点上
将hnode1服务器上的core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、yarn-site.xml同步到hnode3上
[root@hnode3 opt]# cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/
[root@hnode3 hadoop]# rm -rf core-site.xml
[root@hnode3 hadoop]# rm -rf hdfs-site.xml
[root@hnode3 hadoop]# rm -rf yarn-site.xml
[root@hnode3 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml ./
[root@hnode3 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml ./
[root@hnode3 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml ./
6、将hnode1节点上修改的hadoop配置同步到hnode4节点上
将hnode1服务器上的core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、yarn-site.xml同步到hnode4上
[root@hnode4 opt]# cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/
[root@hnode4 hadoop]# rm -rf core-site.xml
[root@hnode4 hadoop]# rm -rf hdfs-site.xml
[root@hnode4 hadoop]# rm -rf yarn-site.xml
[root@hnode4 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml ./
[root@hnode4 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml ./
[root@hnode4 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml ./
7、将hnode1节点上修改的hadoop配置同步到hnode5节点上
将hnode1服务器上的core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、yarn-site.xml同步到hnode5上
[root@hnode5 opt]# cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/
[root@hnode5 hadoop]# rm -rf core-site.xml
[root@hnode5 hadoop]# rm -rf hdfs-site.xml
[root@hnode5 hadoop]# rm -rf yarn-site.xml
[root@hnode5 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml ./
[root@hnode5 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml ./
[root@hnode5 hadoop]# scp root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml ./
8、删除并重新创建hadoop的data(/opt/hadoop/data)目录
因为hadoop之前做过初始化，所以需要删除重建data目录；如果大家的hadoop集群是第一次部署还未执行过初始化，则不需要执行此步
五、Hadoop集群初始化、启动
1、启动Zookeeper集群
1）. 在hnode1节点上启动Zookeeper
由于我们采用root账号启动Zookeeper集群会报下面的错，所以需要在start-dfs.sh和stop-dfs.sh中添加配置
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs journalnode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.
Stopping ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts [hnode1 hnode2]
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs zkfc as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_ZKFC_USER defined. Aborting operation.
[root@hnode1 opt]#cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop-3.3.4/sbin
[root@hnode1 sbin]# vim start-dfs.sh
在start-dfs.sh起始位置添加
HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER=root
HDFS_ZKFC_USER=root
[root@hnode1 sbin]# vim stop-dfs.sh
在stop-dfs.sh起始位置添加
HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER=root
HDFS_ZKFC_USER=root
[root@hnode1 sbin]# zkServer.sh start
2）. 在hnode2节点上启动Zookeeper
[root@hnode2 opt]# zkServer.sh start
3）. 在hnode3节点上启动Zookeeper
[root@hnode3 opt]# zkServer.sh start
2、在你配置的各个journalnode节点启动该进程
1）. 在hnode1节点上启动journalnode
[root@hnode1 opt]# hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
2）. 在hnode2节点上启动journalnode
[root@hnode2 opt]# hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
3）. 在hnode3节点上启动journalnode
[root@hnode2 opt]# hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
3、格式化NameNode（先选取一个namenode（hnode1）节点进行格式化）
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# hadoop namenode -format
4、要把在hnode1节点上生成的元数据复制到另一个NameNode（hnode2）节点上
[root@hnode2 hadoop]# scp -r root@hnode1:/opt/hadoop/data ./
5、格式化zkfc
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# hdfs zkfc -formatZK
6、启动Hadoop集群
hadoop.sh脚本参见大数据基础平台搭建-（二）Hadoop集群搭建
有时候执行hadoop.sh start的时候会HDFS会启动失败，原因是8485yarn还没启动完成就要连接此端口会连接失败，如果遇到此种情情况就在每台journalnode节点服务器上执行hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode，再执行hadoop.sh start
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# cd /opt/hadoop
[root@hnode1 hadoop]# ./hadoop.sh start
六、确认Hadoop集群的状态
1、查看HDFS
http://hnode1:8088
2、 查看DataNode
http://hnode1:50070
1）、NameNode主节点状态
2）、NameNode备份节点状态
3）、数据节点的状态
3、查看HistoryServer
http://hnode2:19888/jobhistory
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