android 文档阅读记录-添加fragment

1.在xml文件里面直接添加Fragment

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <fragment android:name="com.example.android.fragments.HeadlinesFragment"
              android:id="@+id/headlines_fragment"
              android:layout_weight="1"
              android:layout_width="0dp"
              android:layout_height="match_parent" />
    <fragment android:name="com.example.android.fragments.ArticleFragment"
              android:id="@+id/article_fragment"
              android:layout_weight="2"
              android:layout_width="0dp"
              android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>

当你在xml文件里面直接添加Fragment的时候，在程序运行时的时候是不能移除的，如果你打算在运行的时候根据用户的互动来切换，那么你只能通过activity 在onceat的时候添加和管理。

2.如何创建灵活的Fragment

首先需要在XML里面加上 

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" />

HeadlinesFragment firstFragment = new HeadlinesFragment();//创建Fragment实例  
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.fragment_container, firstFragment).commit();
//通过FragmentTransaction 将fragment加入activity            

3.Fragment 通信 通过接口的方式实现 Fragment 和其他 Fragment以及 activity之间的通信

public class HeadlinesFragment extends ListFragment {
    OnHeadlineSelectedListener mCallback;

    // Container Activity must implement this interface
    public interface OnHeadlineSelectedListener {
        public void onArticleSelected(int position);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);
        
       //确保 要和此fragment通信的容器 实现了OnHeadlineSelectedListener 接口 否则抛出 没有实现接口的异常

        try {
            mCallback = (OnHeadlineSelectedListener) activity;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                    + " must implement OnHeadlineSelectedListener");
        }
    }
    
    ...
}

这样 Fragment就可以通过调用 onArticleSelected（）方法将信息传到Activity里面去

简单实例：

    @Override
    public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
        // Send the event to the host activity
        mCallback.onArticleSelected(position);
    }

当Fragment 里面的listview 点击时，就会将这个position 传到activity里面去，当然也可以传其他的参数，执行相应的操作。

从Activity传递消息到Fragment里面

 public void onArticleSelected(int position) {
        // The user selected the headline of an article from the HeadlinesFragment
        // Do something here to display that article

        ArticleFragment articleFrag = (ArticleFragment)
                getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.article_fragment);

        if (articleFrag != null) {
            // If article frag is available, we're in two-pane layout...

            // Call a method in the ArticleFragment to update its content
            articleFrag.updateArticleView(position);
        } else {
            // Otherwise, we're in the one-pane layout and must swap frags...

            // Create fragment and give it an argument for the selected article
            ArticleFragment newFragment = new ArticleFragment();
            Bundle args = new Bundle();
            args.putInt(ArticleFragment.ARG_POSITION, position);
            newFragment.setArguments(args);
        
            FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();

            // Replace whatever is in the fragment_container view with this fragment,
            // and add the transaction to the back stack so the user can navigate back
            transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container, newFragment);
            transaction.addToBackStack(null);

            // Commit the transaction
            transaction.commit();
        }
    }