获取表单中提交的数据
使用getParameter()获取打印表单数据
private void fun1(HttpServletRequest request) {
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
// 获得复选框的传递的值
String[] hobby = request.getParameterValues("hobby");
if (hobby!= null) {
for (String h : hobby) {
System.out.println(h);
}
}
String city = request.getParameter("city");
System.out.println(username + " " + password + " " + sex + " " + city);
}
使用getParameterNames()获取打印表单数据
private void fun2(HttpServletRequest request) {
// 利用getParameterNames()打印表单数据
Enumeration<String> enumeration = request.getParameterNames();
while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
String nextElement = enumeration.nextElement();
// 根据nextElement取出对应的值
String[] strings = request.getParameterValues(nextElement);
for (String string : strings) {
System.out.println(string);
}
}
}
把表单数据封装到对象中(getParameterMap())
把表单数据封装到对象中(使用BeanUtils工具类)
jar包:commons-beanutils-1.9.3.jar
commons-logging-1.2.jar
注意:该对象要符合JavaBean规范
private void fun3(HttpServletRequest request) {
User user = new User();
Map<String, String[]> map = request.getParameterMap();
try {
// 参数1 要封装的对象 参数2 map集合
BeanUtils.populate(user, map);
System.out.println(user);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
请求转发、请求重定向、请求包含(Request)
Request也是一个域对象
域对象的内部就是维护一个map集合(添加/删除/获取的方法)
request域的作用范围:一次请求当中可以获取到域中保存的数据
请求转发
请求转发只是服务器内部的访问,不管你怎么写路径始终都在项目路径下
private void fun1(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 请求转发 获取转发器
RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("/demo03");
dispatcher.forward(request, response);
}
请求重定向
1.重定向是两次请求,不能获取到request域中的值
2.重定向既可以访问本地服务器也可以访问非本地服务器
private void fun2(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
// 写法1
// response.setHeader("location", "/sh-web-servlet03/demo03");
// response.setStatus(302);
// 写法2
response.sendRedirect("/sh-web-servlet03/demo03");
}
请求包含
public class Demo02 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
// 获取字符流
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
// 给request域中添加值
request.setAttribute("name", "wl");
// 请求包含
request.getRequestDispatcher("/demo03").include(request, response);;
// 请求转发 浏览器只能响应一次数据
// request.getRequestDispatcher("/demo03").forward(request, response);;
// 响应
out.write("123");
System.out.println("我是demo02的结尾");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
public class Demo03 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.getWriter().write("456");
// 获取request域中保存的值
Object name = (String)request.getAttribute("name");
System.out.println("我是demo03" + name);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
输出:我是demo03wl
我是demo02的结尾
响应回网页:456123
请求包含相当于把两个页面的响应合成一个响应 返回给浏览器
会话技术
客户端(浏览器)和服务端进行交互(会话)
当浏览器关闭的时候这次交互结束 例如:打电话
会话中的两个技术:
1.cookie(客户端技术) cookie是保存在浏览器的缓存数据
2.HttpSession(服务端技术) HttpSession保存在服务端
什么是cookie?
当浏览器发起一个请求,请求一个servlet进行逻辑处理(例如添加一个商品进购物车)
处理完成后,给客户端(浏览器)一个响应
响应携带着记录了购买了什么商品的cookie
让浏览器保存起来
1.可以保存在内存当中(结束会话 cookie被清除)
2.也可以保存在硬盘中(结束会话 依然存在 就是个文件)
当用浏览器再一次请求购物车的时候会携带着之前保存的cookie去访问
第一次访问服务器时,由于cookie还没有产生,是不会携带cookie去访问的
只有当第一次请求后的响应中可以把cookie写回到浏览器中
显示上次登录的时间
思路:第一次访问的时候利用cookie响应到浏览器中,下次在访问的时候从cookie中把时间取出来
public class Demo04 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
// 读取cookie
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
if (cookies != null) {
// 遍历数组
for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
if (cookie.getName().equals("lastTime")) {
// 取出cookie的值
String value = cookie.getValue();
// 字符串转long
long time = Long.parseLong(value);
// 转成日期
Date date = new Date(time);
// 创建一个显示的日期格式
// 参数就是你想要显示的日期格式
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
// 格式化时间
String lastTime = sdf.format(date);
// 响应回浏览器
response.getWriter().write("上次的访问时间:" + lastTime);
}
}
}
// 创建cookie 记录当前的时间
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastTime", System.currentTimeMillis() + "");
/*
* 设置一下cookie的保存路径 工程名+配置网址路径
* 读取cookie是按 请求的地址寻找cookie
* 如果配置请求路径没有一级目录 这样全网站所有的网址请求都能找到这个cookie
* cookie.setPath("/");
*/
cookie.setPath("/sh-web-servlet03/servlet");
/*
* 设置cookie存活时间
* 负值表示浏览器关闭cookie消失
* 正值表示存活时间
* 0表示删除cookie
*/
cookie.setMaxAge(60 * 5);
// 把cookie添加进响应当中
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
web.xml配置
<servlet>
<servlet-name>demo04</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.lanou3g.Demo04</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>demo04</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/demo04</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
记录用户名
public class Demo06 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String username = "";
String check = "";
// 读取cookie
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
if (cookies != null) {
for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
if (cookie.getName().equals("username")) {
username = cookie.getValue();
check = "checked";
}
}
}
System.out.println(username);
response.getWriter().write("<form action='/sh-web-servlet03/servlet/demo07' method='post'>");
response.getWriter().write("用户名:<input type='text' name='username' value="+username+"><br>");
response.getWriter().write("密   码:<input type='password' name='password'><br>");
response.getWriter().write("记住:<input type='checkbox' name='remember' checked="+check+"><br>");
response.getWriter().write("<input type='submit' value='登录'>");
response.getWriter().write("</form>");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
public class Demo07 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
// 获取请求的参数
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String remember = request.getParameter("remember");
// 创建cookie
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("username", username);
//设置cookie路径
cookie.setPath("/sh-web-servlet03/servlet");
// 处理业务逻辑
if (username.equals("sc") && password.equals("123")) {
// 判断一下是否 记住
if (remember != null) {
// 需要记住(设置存活时间)
cookie.setMaxAge(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
} else {
// 删除原来的cookie
cookie.setMaxAge(0);
}
// 添加到响应中
response.addCookie(cookie);
response.getWriter().write("登录成功");
} else {
response.getWriter().write("登录失败");
// 3秒后 回登录页面
response.setHeader("refresh", "3;url=/sh-web-servlet03/servlet/demo06");
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}