c语言——结构体嵌套二级指针

c语言——结构体嵌套二级指针

如果一个结构体内嵌套二级指针了二级指针，这里的students为二级指针，也对应了一对多的关系，一个老师，多个学生。

struct Teacher
{
	char *name;
	char **students;
};

我们知道，二级指针指向一级指针的地址，三级指针指向二级指针的地址

void test()
{
	
	struct Teacher **teachers = NULL;

	int ret = 0;
	ret = allocateSpace(&teachers);
	if (ret < 0)
	{
		printf("allocateSpace 函数调用出错!\n");
		return;
	}

	//打印老师及其学生信息
	printTeachers(teachers);

	//释放内存
	freeSpace(teachers);
	teachers = NULL;

}

分配空间

int allocateSpace(struct Teacher ***temp)
{
	if (NULL == temp)
	{
		//错误码 不同错误码表示不同错误
		return -1;
	}

	struct Teacher **ts = malloc(sizeof(struct Teacher *) * 3);
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
	{

		//给老师结构体指针分配空间
		ts[i] = malloc(sizeof(struct Teacher));

		//给老师名字分配空间
		ts[i]->name = malloc(sizeof(char) * 64);
		sprintf(ts[i]->name, "Teacher_%d", i + 1);

		//给学生指针分配内存
		ts[i]->students = malloc(sizeof(char *)* 4);
		for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
		{
			ts[i]->students[j] = malloc(sizeof(char) * 64);
			sprintf(ts[i]->students[j],"%s_Stu_%d",ts[i]->name,j + 1);

		}

	}

	*temp = ts;

	return 0;
}

打印与释放

打印

void printTeachers(struct Teacher **teachers)
{
	if (NULL == teachers)
	{
		return;
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
	{
		printf("%s\n", teachers[i]->name);
		for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
		{
			printf("   %s\n",teachers[i]->students[j]);
		}
	}
}

释放

void freeSpace(struct Teacher **teachers)
{
	if (NULL == teachers)
	{
		return; 
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
	{

		if (teachers[i] == NULL)
		{
			continue;
		}

		if (teachers[i]->name != NULL)
		{
			free(teachers[i]->name);
			teachers[i]->name = NULL;
		}

		for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
		{
			if (teachers[i]->students[j] != NULL)
			{
				free(teachers[i]->students[j]);
				teachers[i]->students[j] = NULL;
			}
		}

		free(teachers[i]->students);
		teachers[i]->students = NULL;


		free(teachers[i]);
		teachers[i] = NULL;
	}

	free(teachers);
	teachers = NULL;
}

运行

Teacher_1
   Teacher_1_Stu_1
   Teacher_1_Stu_2
   Teacher_1_Stu_3
   Teacher_1_Stu_4
Teacher_2
   Teacher_2_Stu_1
   Teacher_2_Stu_2
   Teacher_2_Stu_3
   Teacher_2_Stu_4
Teacher_3
   Teacher_3_Stu_1
   Teacher_3_Stu_2
   Teacher_3_Stu_3
   Teacher_3_Stu_4