python基础学习3- dictionary

#! python3

dic1 = {'color':'red','age':38}
## 
## for k in dic1.keys():
##     print(k)
## for v in dic1.values():
##     print(v)
## for k,v in dic1.items():
##     print(k,v)
##     print('Key: '+k+' Value: '+str(v))
## for i in dic1.items():
##     print(i)    
## 
list(dic1.keys())
dic1.get('age',99)              #取age键的值，找不到的话使用默认值99
dic1.setdefault('name','zx')    #如果name键不存在的话，增加并赋默认值；否则不变
dic1['appl'] = 31               #如果appl键不存在的话，增加并赋值；否则修改为新值
dic1.update({'col1':'face','col2':'eyes'})  #添加多个元素，如已存在，则赋新值

mydict = {'a':6.18,'b':'str','c':True}
print('A value: %.2f'  %mydict['a'])
mydict['a'] = 523
print(mydict)
print('A value: %d'  %mydict['a'])
print('keys: %s' % mydict.keys())
print('values: %s'  % mydict.values())
print(mydict.values())

## 
## message='It was a bright cold day today, and the colocks where striking thirteen'
## count={}
## for character in message:
##     count.setdefault(character,0)
##     count[character] = count[character] + 1
## print(count)
## import pprint
## pprint.pprint(count)
## print(pprint.pformat(count))

#字典嵌套      列表和字典可以忽略缩进规则，跨多行
allguests = {'Alice':{'apples':5,'pretzels':13},
             'Bob':{'pears':3,'apples':9},
             'Carol':{'cups':8,'pears':4}}
def totalBrought(guests,item):
    numBrought = 0
    for k,v in guests.items():
        numBrought = numBrought + v.get(item,0)
    return numBrought
print('Number of things being brought:')
print(' - apples '+str(totalBrought(allguests,'apples')))
print(' - pears '+str(totalBrought(allguests,'pears')))

##井字棋盘
theBoard = {'top-L':' ','top-M':' ','top-R':' ','mid-L':' ','mid-M':' ','mid-R':' ','low-L':' ','low-M':' ','low-R':' '}
def printBoard(board):
    print(board['top-L']+'|'+board['top-M']+'|'+board['top-R'])
    print('-+-+-')
    print(board['mid-L']+'|'+board['mid-M']+'|'+board['mid-R'])
    print('-+-+-')
    print(board['low-L']+'|'+board['low-M']+'|'+board['low-R'])
turn = 'X'
for i in range(9):
    printBoard(theBoard)
    print('Turn for '+ turn + '.Move on which space?')
    move = input()
    theBoard[move] = turn
    if turn == 'X':
        turn = 'O'
    else:
        turn = 'X'
printBoard(theBoard)