IT历史：IT重要发明

IT历史：IT重要发明

[2004-11-5]

IT发展历史上最重要的技术发明成果一览表 文本信息处理（Text String Processing） Telegraph 1844 Transcontental Telegraph 1861 Typewriter 1885 Linotype Typesetter 1888 Teletype 1920 Telex 1948 Electric Typewriter 1952 Computer Line Printer 1965 Electronic Type Setter Selectric Typewriter 1967 Daisy Wheel Printer 1972 Dot Matrix Printer 1978 Laser Printer 1984 InkJet Printer 1984 PostScript Page Layout Language 1985 图像处理（Image Processing） Photography 1840 Mathew Brady Photos of Civil War 1861-1865 Facsimile Image Transmission 1871 Electromechanical Image Transmission (Nipkov Disk) 1895 All Electronic Image Transmission 1928 Modern Black & White Television (RCA) 1936 Consumer Color Photographic Film (Kodak) 1936 Color Television Transmission (RCA) 1953 Patent granted for See, Hear, Smell Helmet 1957 Tape Recording of Television Signal (Ampex) 1958 Color Ink Jet Printer 1986 Thermal Transfer Color Printer 1987 声音处理（Sound Processing） Mechanical Phonograph (Edison) 1870 Telephone (Bell) 1876 Transcontental Phone Service 1914 Commercial AM Radio Broadcast 1915 Commercial FM Broadcast 1928 Stereo FM Broadcast 1949 LP Record 33-1/3 rpm 1952 Home Tape Recorder 1956 Compact Disk (digital recording) 1982 Macintosh II with Digital Sound 1989 Sound Blaster Digital Sound for PC 1989 计算与控制（Computation and Control） Governor for Steam Engine 1790 Jacquard Loom 1802 Hollerith Punched Cards 1890 COLLSUS Code Breaking Computer EINIAC Electronic Computer 1945 General Useage of IBM Commercial Systems 1955 Altair Computer/Microsoft Founded 1975 Apple I Computer 1976 IBM Personal Computer 1981 Apple Macintosh 1984 IBM PC AT 286 Computer 1985 Intel 386 Based Systems 1988 Intel 486 Based Systems 1992 Mosaic Web Brouser Apple Power PC 1993 Intel Pentium Systems 1994 Netscape Web Brouser Computer History Year/Enter Computer History Inventors/Inventions Computer History Description of Event 1936 Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer First freely programmable computer. 1942 John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry ABC Computer Who was first in the computing biz is not always as easy as ABC. 1944 Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper Harvard Mark I Computer The Harvard Mark 1 computer. 1946 John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly ENIAC 1 Computer 20,000 vacuum tubes later... 1948 Frederic Williams & Tom Kilburn Manchester Baby Computer & The Williams Tube Baby and the Williams Tube turn on the memories. 1947/48 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain & Wiliam Shockley The Transistor No, a transistor is not a computer, but this invention greatly affected the history of computers.  1951 John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly UNIVAC Computer First commercial computer & able to pick presidential winners. 1953 International Business Machines IBM 701 EDPM Computer IBM enters into ’The History of Computers’. 1954 John Backus & IBM  FORTRAN Computer Programming Language The first successful high level programming language. 1958 Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce The Integrated Circuit Otherwise known as ’The Chip’ 1962 Steve Russell & MIT Spacewar Computer Game The first computer game invented. 1964 Douglas Engelbart Computer Mouse & Windows Nicknamed the mouse because the tail came out the end. 1969 ARPAnet The original Internet. 1970 Intel 1103 Computer Memory The world’s first available dynamic RAM chip. 1971 Faggin, Hoff & Mazor Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor The first microprocessor. 1971 Alan Shugart &IBM The "Floppy" Disk Nicknamed the "Floppy" for its flexibility. 1973 Robert Metcalfe & Xerox The Ethernet Computer Networking Networking. 1974/75 Scelbi  & Mark-8 Altair & IBM 5100 Computers The first consumer computers. 1976/77 Apple I, II & TRS-80 & Commodore Pet Computers More first consumer computers. 1978 Dan Bricklin & Bob Frankston VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software Any product that pays for itself in two weeks is a surefire winner. 1979 Seymour Rubenstein & Rob Barnaby WordStar Software Word Processors. 1981 IBM The IBM PC - Home Computer From an "Acorn" grows a personal computer revolution 1981 Microsoft MS-DOS Computer Operating System From "Quick And Dirty" comes the operating system of the century. 1983 Apple Lisa Computer The first home computer with a GUI, graphical user interface. 1984 Apple MacIntosh Computer The more affordable home computer with a GUI. 1985 Microsoft Windows Microsoft begins the friendly war with Apple.