explicit MSDN
C++ ctors (constructors) that have just one parameter automatically perform implicit type conversion. For example, if you pass an int when the ctor expects a string pointer parameter, the compiler adds the code it must have to convert the int to a string pointer. However, this automatic behavior can cause errors.
To prevent implicit conversions, you can add the explicit keyword to the ctor declaration. This forces the code to either use a parameter of the correct type, or cast the parameter to the correct type. That is, if the cast is not explicitly expressed in code, an error will result.
当类的构造函数只有一个参数时,赋值操作会执行隐式的类型轮换,如下:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class TestClass {
public:
TestClass(int *_p): _point(_p) {
cout<<"TestClass Constructor"<<endl;
cout<<"point: "<<(int)_point<<endl;
}
private:
int *_point;
};
int main()
{
TestClass testA = (int*)0x7;
return 0;
}
输出:
TestClass Constructor
point: 7
为了避免这样的问题,修改构造函数变为
explict TestClass(int *_p): _point(_p)
编译将会报错:error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'int *' to 'TestClass' Constructor for class 'TestClass' is declared 'explicit'