课设-迷宫

实验内容

1.迷宫游戏是非常经典的游戏，在该题中要求随机生成一个迷宫，并求解迷宫；

2.要求查找并理解迷宫生成的算法，并尝试用两种不同的算法来生成随机的迷宫。

3.要求迷宫游戏支持玩家走迷宫，和系统走迷宫路径两种模式。玩家走迷宫，通过键盘方向键控制，并在行走路径上留下痕迹；系统提示迷宫路径要求基于A*算法实现，输出玩家当前位置到迷宫出口的最优路径。设计交互友好的游戏图形界面。

实现效果

实现过程：

使用深度优先算法生成和解决迷宫（非A*）

创建两个类，一个Block和一个MazePanel

Block类用于储存迷宫块的数据和状态

MazePanel类用来绘制窗体和进行计算

把迷宫通路作为网格，墙体使用线来分割

设置一个栈用来遍历所有的网格

首先生成一个n*n的网格，然后设置起点，将起点入栈，并且加入树。

然后写一个循环，当栈为空的时候结束

把节点出栈，加入树。

然后得到其邻居节点，随机从中选取一个，设其父亲块为上一个节点，并且也加入树，然后再将其入栈，继续循环。

把父亲节点和子节点的墙壁全部打通。最后即可实现迷宫的生成。

求解迷宫：在树中寻找到起点和终点经过的节点连接起来即可。

package maze;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Stack;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
class Lattice {
    static final int INTREE = 1;
    static final int NOTINTREE = 0;
    private int x = -1;
    private int y = -1;
    private int flag = NOTINTREE;
    private Lattice father = null;
    public Lattice(int xx, int yy) {
        x = xx;
        y = yy;
    }
    public int getX() {
        return x;
    }
    public int getY() {
        return y;
    }
    public int getFlag() {
        return flag;
    }
    public Lattice getFather() {
        return father;
    }
    public void setFather(Lattice f) {
        father = f;
    }
    public void setFlag(int f) {
        flag = f;
    }
    public String toString() {
        return new String("(" + x + "," + y + ")\n");
    }
}
class Maze extends JPanel {
    private int NUM, width, padding;// width 每个格子的宽度和高度
    private Lattice[][] maze;
    private int ballX, ballY;
    private boolean drawPath = false;
    Maze(int m, int wi, int p) {
        NUM = m;
        width = wi;
        padding = p;
        maze = new Lattice[NUM][NUM];
        for (int i = 0; i <= NUM - 1; i++)
            for (int j = 0; j <= NUM - 1; j++)
                maze[i][j] = new Lattice(i, j);
        createMaze();
        setKeyListener();
        this.setFocusable(true);
    }
    private void init() {
        for (int i = 0; i <= NUM - 1; i++)
            for (int j = 0; j <= NUM - 1; j++) {
                maze[i][j].setFather(null);
                maze[i][j].setFlag(Lattice.NOTINTREE);
            }
        ballX = 0;
        ballY = 0;
        drawPath = false;
        createMaze();
        // setKeyListener();
        this.setFocusable(true);
        repaint();
    }
    public int getCenterX(int x) {
        return padding + x * width + width / 2;
    }
    public int getCenterY(int y) {
        return padding + y * width + width / 2;
    }

    public int getCenterX(Lattice p) {
        return padding + p.getY() * width + width / 2;
    }
    public int getCenterY(Lattice p) {
        return padding + p.getX() * width + width / 2;
    }
    private void checkIsWin() {
        if (ballX == NUM - 1 && ballY == NUM - 1) {
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "YOU WIN !", "你走出了迷宫。",
                    JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);
            init();
        }
    }
    synchronized private void move(int c) {
        int tx = ballX, ty = ballY;
        // System.out.println(c);
        switch (c) {
            case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT :
                ty--;
                break;
            case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT :
                ty++;
                break;
            case KeyEvent.VK_UP :
                tx--;
                break;
            case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN :
                tx++;
                break;
            case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE :
                if (drawPath == true) {
                    drawPath = false;
                } else {
                    drawPath = true;
                }
                break;
            default :
        }
        if (!isOutOfBorder(tx, ty)
                && (maze[tx][ty].getFather() == maze[ballX][ballY]
                || maze[ballX][ballY].getFather() == maze[tx][ty])) {
            ballX = tx;
            ballY = ty;
        }
    }
    private void setKeyListener() {
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                int c = e.getKeyCode();
                move(c);
                repaint();
                checkIsWin();

            }
        });
    }
    private boolean isOutOfBorder(Lattice p) {
        return isOutOfBorder(p.getX(), p.getY());
    }
    private boolean isOutOfBorder(int x, int y) {
        return (x > NUM - 1 || y > NUM - 1 || x < 0 || y < 0) ? true : false;
    }
    private Lattice[] getNeis(Lattice p) {
        final int[] adds = {-1, 0, 1, 0, -1};// 顺序为上右下左
        if (isOutOfBorder(p)) {
            return null;
        }
        Lattice[] ps = new Lattice[4];// 顺序为上右下左
        int xt;
        int yt;
        for (int i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
            xt = p.getX() + adds[i];
            yt = p.getY() + adds[i + 1];
            if (isOutOfBorder(xt, yt))
                continue;
            ps[i] = maze[xt][yt];
        }
        return ps;
    }
    private void createMaze() {
        Random random = new Random();
        int rx = Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % NUM;
        int ry = Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % NUM;
        Stack<Lattice> s = new Stack<Lattice>();
        Lattice p = maze[rx][ry];
        Lattice neis[] = null;
        s.push(p);
        while (!s.isEmpty()) {
            p = s.pop();
            p.setFlag(Lattice.INTREE);
            neis = getNeis(p);
            int ran = Math.abs(random.nextInt()) % 4;
            for (int a = 0; a <= 3; a++) {
                ran++;
                ran %= 4;
                if (neis[ran] == null || neis[ran].getFlag() == Lattice.INTREE)
                    continue;
                s.push(neis[ran]);
                neis[ran].setFather(p);
            }
        }
        // changeFather(maze[0][0],null);
    }
    private void changeFather(Lattice p, Lattice f) {
        if (p.getFather() == null) {
            p.setFather(f);
            return;
        } else {
            changeFather(p.getFather(), p);
        }
    }
    private void clearFence(int i, int j, int fx, int fy, Graphics g) {
        int sx = padding + ((j > fy ? j : fy) * width),
                sy = padding + ((i > fx ? i : fx) * width),
                dx = (i == fx ? sx : sx + width),
                dy = (i == fx ? sy + width : sy);
        if (sx != dx) {
            sx++;
            dx--;
        } else {
            sy++;
            dy--;
        }
        g.drawLine(sx, sy, dx, dy);
    }
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
        for (int i = 0; i <= NUM; i++) {
            g.drawLine(padding + i * width, padding, padding + i * width,
                    padding + NUM * width);
        }
        for (int j = 0; j <= NUM; j++) {
            g.drawLine(padding, padding + j * width, padding + NUM * width,
                    padding + j * width);
        }
        g.setColor(this.getBackground());
        for (int i = NUM - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            for (int j = NUM - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
                Lattice f = maze[i][j].getFather();
                if (f != null) {
                    int fx = f.getX(), fy = f.getY();
                    clearFence(i, j, fx, fy, g);
                }
            }
        }
        g.drawLine(padding, padding + 1, padding, padding + width - 1);
        int last = padding + NUM * width;
        g.drawLine(last, last - 1, last, last - width + 1);
        g.setColor(Color.RED);
        g.fillOval(getCenterX(ballY) - width / 3, getCenterY(ballX) - width / 3,
                width / 2, width / 2);
        if (drawPath == true)
            drawPath(g);
    }
    private void drawPath(Graphics g) {
        Color PATH_COLOR = Color.ORANGE, BOTH_PATH_COLOR = Color.PINK;
        if (drawPath == true)
            g.setColor(PATH_COLOR);
        else
            g.setColor(this.getBackground());
        Lattice p = maze[NUM - 1][NUM - 1];
        while (p.getFather() != null) {
            p.setFlag(2);
            p = p.getFather();
        }
        g.fillOval(getCenterX(p) - width / 3, getCenterY(p) - width / 3,
                width / 2, width / 2);
        p = maze[0][0];

        while (p.getFather() != null) {
            if (p.getFlag() == 2) {
                p.setFlag(3);
                g.setColor(this.getBackground());
            }
            g.drawLine(getCenterX(p), getCenterY(p), getCenterX(p.getFather()),
                    getCenterY(p.getFather()));
            p = p.getFather();
        }

        g.setColor(PATH_COLOR);
        p = maze[NUM - 1][NUM - 1];

        while (p.getFather() != null) {
            if (p.getFlag() == 3)
                break;
            g.drawLine(getCenterX(p), getCenterY(p), getCenterX(p.getFather()),
                    getCenterY(p.getFather()));
            p = p.getFather();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final int n = 30, width = 600, padding = 20, LX = 200, LY = 100;
        JPanel p = new Maze(n, (width - padding - padding) / n, padding);
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("MAZE(按空格键显示或隐藏路径)");
        frame.getContentPane().add(p);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setSize(width + padding, width + padding + padding);
        frame.setLocation(LX, LY);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}